摘要
为探明灌浆期高温及喷施钙、钾和硅溶液对水稻叶片叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光特性和产量构成因素的影响,选用耐热性不同的‘N22’、‘9311’和‘明恢63’等3个籼稻品种,在灌浆期进行高温处理,测定高温处理下叶片喷施水(T0)、20.0 mol·L^(-1)氯化钙(T_(1))、2%质量分数磷酸二氢钾(T_(2))和33.3 mg·mL^(-1)有效硅(T3)溶液对叶绿素含量动态、光合荧光参数及产量构成因素。结果表明,和常温对照(CK)相比,高温胁迫造成叶片叶绿素含量降低,叶绿素荧光参数到达最大荧光所需的时间(t for F_(m))、PSⅡ最大光能转化效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、PSⅡ性能(PI abs、PI total)和活性反应中心吸收光量和耗散热量(ABS/RC、DIo/RC)均低于CK。高温胁迫对每株穗数没有显著影响,每株实粒数、千粒重和单株产量均显著降低。耐热性不同的品种光合特性和产量因素对高温胁迫的响应表现不同。喷施钙、钾和硅溶液能够有效改善高温造成的叶绿素含量和部分光合荧光参数下降,最终提升产量,有效降低高温热害。该研究为降低灌浆期高温热害提供理论依据。
In order to provide theoretical basis for reducing high temperature damage to rice during grouting period,the effects of high temperature and spraying Ca^(2+),k^(+)and Si on chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and yield components of rice at heading stage were investigated.Three indica rice varieties with different heat tolerance,'N22',9311'and'Minghui 63',were planted in Nanjing and heat treated during the grouting period.Chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and yield components under heat with spraying H,0(To),20.0 mol·L^(-1) CaCl2(T_(1)),2%KH,PO,(T_(2))and 33.3 mg·mL^(-1) si(T3)on leaves were measured.Compared with CK(without heat treatment),chlorophyll content,the time required for the leaves to reach the maximum fluorescence after a period of dark adaptation(t for F_(m)),maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)),PSIlperformance parameter(PI abs,PI total),ABS/RC and Dlo/RC of three varieties decreased.The high temperature treatment at grouting period also decreased grains number,seed set grain weight and yield significantly,with lower degree of decrease for'N22'and'Minhui 63'than'9311'.Varieties with different heat tolerance showed different responses to high temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics and yield factors.Spraying Ca^(2+),k^(+)and Si solutions can effectively improve the decrease of chlorophyll content and some photosynthetic fluorescence parameters caused by high temperature,finally effectively reduce the damage caused by high temperature and increase the yield.
作者
赵凌
朱镇
魏晓东
陈涛
赵庆勇
王才林
张亚东
ZHAO Ling;ZHU Zhen;WEI Xiaodong;CHEN Tao;ZHAO Qingyong;WANG Cailin;ZHANG Yadong(lnstitute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center,Nanjing 210014,China;East China Branch of National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice,Nanjing 210014,China)
出处
《植物生理学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期886-896,共11页
Plant Physiology Journal
基金
国家产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01)
江苏省重点研发计划(BE2019370)。
关键词
灌浆期
高温
水稻
光合特性
产量
grouting period
high temperature
rice
photosynthesis
yield
