摘要
细菌感染是常见的公共卫生威胁,传统抗生素因细菌耐药性加剧而面临失效风险。不同于传统的抗生素和化学药物的抗菌机制,自组装多肽可通过破坏细菌膜完整性、协同其他抗菌成分实现广谱抗菌,具有作用迅速、不易产生耐药性等优点。此外,自组装多肽因分子设计灵活性、靶向性和环境响应性等特性,有望成为突破耐药性瓶颈的创新疗法的关键药物。近年来针对抗菌自组装多肽的研究聚焦于分子结构优化、响应性材料开发、体内递送系统构建,并在伤口敷料、靶向给药等领域取得较为重要的进展。该文综述了自组装多肽的抗菌作用机制、分子设计原则及临床应用进展,并探讨未来研究的方向与面临的挑战,为下一代抗菌自组装多肽的研发提供理论框架与实践参考。
Bacterial infections constitute a common public health challenge,as the escalating antimicrobial resistance significantly compromises the therapeutic efficacy of conventional antibiotics.Distinct from conventional antibiotics and chemical agents,self-assembling peptides can achieve broad-spectrum antibacterial effects through bacterial membrane disruption and synergistic enhancement of other antimicrobial components,demonstrating advantages including rapid bactericidal action and low resistance induction potential.Furthermore,these peptides demonstrate exceptional molecular design flexibility,targeting specificity,and environmental responsiveness,positioning them as promising candidates for overcoming current antimicrobial resistance challenges.Recent research advancements have focused on molecular structure optimization,development of stimuli-responsive materials,and engineering of in vivo delivery systems,achieving important progress in wound dressing applications and targeted drug delivery.This review systematically examines the antimicrobial mechanisms,molecular design principles,and clinical translation progress of self-assembling peptides,while discussing future research directions and challenges.The analysis provides both theoretical frameworks and practical reference for developing next-generation antimicrobial self-assembling peptide-based therapeutics.
作者
孙泽月
冯馨
王子航
陈柳婷
卢嘉驹
SUN Zeyue;FENG Xin;WANG Zihang;CHEN Liuting;LU Jiaju(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《浙江理工大学学报(自然科学版)》
2025年第4期580-587,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32401134)
浙江理工大学基础研究基金(19212449-Y,1112932612002)。
关键词
生物材料
自组装多肽
细菌感染
抗菌机制
药物递送
分子设计
biomaterials
self-assembling peptides
bacterial infections
antimicrobial mechanisms
drug delivery
molecular design
