摘要
针对当前小麦灌溉设备自动化程度和水资源利用效率低等问题,开发了一套基于云边端的智慧灌溉系统,由数据采集上传、灌溉策略制定、灌溉决策下发、灌溉策略执行和PC控制终端五大部分组成。首先,系统通过自主设计的边缘计算控制器、传感器对农田气象因子进行实时的动态监测,并将部分计算任务在边缘端进行,提高系统数据处理的即时性;通过4G与LoRa通信技术传输和存储监测数据,降低了系统成本,并提高了系统的可拓展性。然后,对监测数据进行分析,制定灌溉决策模型,得出所需灌溉量;通过云平台下达命令,控制对应的执行模块进行灌溉。最后,进行系统测试,结果表明:系统网络通信稳定,在大田测试过程中未出现丢包现象;通过LoRa组网可以实现在丢包率低于2%的情况下最远距离达到了1.5 km;系统灌溉量的平均误差为1.552 L。在云平台命令控制流量的过程中,有效减少了人力与设备方面的成本,提高了小麦灌溉设备的自动化程度;通过灌溉策略的制定与部署,避免了水资源的浪费,为小麦的科学种植提供了保障。
Addressing the current issues of low automation degree of wheat irrigation equipment and low utilization efficiency of water resources,a set of intelligent irrigation system based on cloud-edge-terminal was developed,which mainly consisted of five major components:data collection and upload,irrigation strategy formulation,irrigation decision issuance,irrigation strategy execution,and PC control terminal.Firstly,the system dynamically monitored the meteorological factors of farmland in real time through the self-designed edge computing controller and sensor,and carried out some computing tasks at the edge end to improve the immediacy of system data processing.The transmission and storage of monitoring data through 4G and LoRa communication technology reduced the system cost and improved the scalability of the system.Then,the monitoring data were analyzed,the irrigation decision model was formulated,and the required irrigation amount was obtained.Commands were issued through the cloud platform to control the corresponding execution module for irrigation.Finally,the system was tested.Experimental results demonstrated that the system network communication was stable,and there was no packet loss during the field test.Through LoRa networking,the system achieved a maximum distance of 1.5 km with a packet loss rate of less than 2%.The average error of system irrigation amount was 1.552 L.In the process of cloud platform command control flow,the cost of manpower and equipment was effectively reduced,and the automation degree of wheat irrigation equipment was improved.Through the formulation and deployment of irrigation strategies,the waste of water resources was avoided,and the scientific planting of wheat was guaranteed.
作者
王一晖
徐法虎
韩腾飞
张云皓
王瑜博
刘佳达
龚正
Wang Yihui;Xu Fahu;Han Tengfei;Zhang Yunhao;Wang Yubo;Liu Jiada;Gong Zheng(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2025年第12期224-232,共9页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
陕西省水利科技计划项目(2024slkj-10)。
关键词
小麦
智慧灌溉
云边端
LoRa
物联网
wheat
smart irrigation
cloud-edge-terminal
LoRa
Internet of Things
