摘要
随着新能源产业的快速发展,废旧磷酸铁锂电池的数量日益增多,大规模废旧电池退役潮即将到来,其回收问题备受关注,从电池废料对环境的污染与资源的稀缺角度来说,发展废旧磷酸铁锂电池的回收技术具有重要的经济价值与社会意义。总结了现有的关于废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极磷酸铁锂材料和负极石墨材料的回收技术现状与研究进展,对回收前的预处理技术,包括放电预处理、拆解分离、电极材料分离技术做了详细介绍,对比了正极磷酸铁锂材料生物回收技术、湿法回收技术、干法回收技术与修复再生技术的优势与不足;并介绍了负极石墨材料的回收再利用技术,提出了磷酸铁锂电池回收技术的挑战与未来前景,对废旧磷酸铁锂电池回收技术的发展趋势进行了展望,旨在对未来电池回收技术的低能耗、高效与高值化利用提供参考。
With the rapid development of the new energy industry,the number of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries is increasing day by day.A large-scale wave of battery retirement is approaching,and the recycling issue has attracted much attention.From the perspective of environmental pollution caused by battery waste and the scarcity of resources,the development of recycling technology for spent lithium iron phosphate batteries has significant economic value and social significance.The current status and research progress of the recycling technology for cathode lithium iron phosphate materials and anode graphite materials of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries were summarized.It provided a detailed introduction to the pretreatment technologies before recycling,including discharge pretreatment,disassembly and separation,and electrode material separation technology.It also compared the advantages and disadvantages of biological recycling technology,wet recycling technology,dry recycling technology,and repair and regeneration technology for cathode lithium iron phosphate materials.In addition,it introduced the recycling and reuse technology of anode graphite materials,and presents the challenges and future prospects of lithium iron phosphate battery recycling technology.It also looked forward to the development trend of spent lithium iron phosphate battery recycling technology,aiming to provide a reference for the low-energy consumption,high-efficiency and high-value utilization of future battery recycling technology.
作者
詹殷权
张志军
ZHAN Yinquan;ZHANG Zhijun(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《电源技术》
北大核心
2025年第7期1324-1336,共13页
Chinese Journal of Power Sources
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274281)
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB4100900)。
关键词
废旧磷酸铁锂电池
预处理
正极材料
湿法回收
修复再生
waste lithium iron phosphate batteries
pretreatment
cathode material
hydrometallurgical recycling
repair and regeneration
