摘要
探讨巴山松(Pinus henryi)人工林林下灌草层物种组成及优势特征,分析林分结构和环境因子对林下物种多样性的影响,为优化森林经营措施以提升物种多样性提供依据。在湖北省巴东县国有巴山林场巴山松人工林设置12块固定样地,利用重要值、Shannon-Wiener指数等指标评估物种组成与多样性。通过林分结构指标及坡向、郁闭度等环境因子的冗余分析,揭示其对物种多样性的作用机制。结果表明,巴山松人工林林下共记录灌木111种(30科54属)和草本112种(45科84属)。灌木丰富度与坡向和林分密度显著正相关(P<0.05),草本丰富度与林分蓄积和郁闭度显著负相关(P<0.05),与开敞度极显著正相关(P<0.01)。冗余分析表明,坡向是影响林下物种多样性最重要的因子,林分蓄积量对灌木层多样性有显著正向促进作用(P<0.05),混交度和角尺度对草本层多样性具有显著正向作用(P<0.05)。坡向、郁闭度和混交度是影响巴山松人工林林下物种多样性的关键因子,通过优化林分结构以改善林下光资源的空间分配,有助于提升物种多样性,增强人工林生态系统的稳定性与功能性。
The species composition and dominant characteristics of shrub and herbaceous layers under Pinus henryi plantations were investigated,and the effects of stand structure and environmental factors on species diversity were analyzed to provide a basis for optimizing forest management measures to enhance understory species diversity.Twelve fixed plots were established in P.henryi plantations in State-owned Bashan Forest Farm of Badong County,Hubei Province.Species composition and diversity were evaluated using indices such as importance value(IV)and Shannon-Wiener index.Redundancy analysis(RDA)was applied to reveal the mechanisms through which stand structural indices and environmental factors(e.g.,aspect,canopy closure)influenced understory species diversity.The results indicated that 111 shrub species(30 families,54 genera)and 112 herbaceous species(45 families,84 genera)were recorded.Shrub species richness was significantly positively correlated with aspect and stand density(P<0.05),while herbaceous species richness was significantly negatively correlated with stand volume(P<0.05)and canopy closure(P<0.05)and positively correlated with openness(P<0.01).RDA revealed that aspect was the most critical factor influencing the spe⁃cies diversities of shrubs and herbs.Stand volume had a significant positive effect on shrub diversity(P<0.05),while mingling de⁃gree and uniform angle index positively influenced herbaceous diversity.Aspect,canopy closure,and mingling degree were identi⁃fied as key factors affecting understory species diversity under P.henryi plantations.Optimizing stand structure to improve the spa⁃tial distribution of understory light resources could enhance species diversity and strengthen the stability and functionality of planta⁃tion ecosystems.
作者
张梦
宋菲
陈恭平
汪洋
ZHANG Meng;SONG Fei;CHEN Gong-ping;WANG Yang(Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan 430200,China;Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,China;State-owned Bashan Forest Farm of Badong County,Badong 444399,Hubei,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2025年第6期110-116,共7页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(鄂[2025]TG02-2)
湖北省林业局林业重点项目(zdhz2023ky11)。
