摘要
黄曲霉毒素(AFs)是由曲霉属真菌产生的次生代谢产物,具有急性肝毒性和慢性毒性,长期暴露可引起致癌风险,已被国际癌症研究机构(IARC)列为Ⅰ类致癌物。中药在生产、加工和储存过程中易受AFs污染,《中华人民共和国药典》2025年版规定了部分中药的限量标准,但还有部分常用中药尚未有明确的限量标准规定。通过综述AFs的结构、毒性及常见检测方法,总结中药中AFs的污染现状、比较分析中外相关限量标准的异同、探讨中药中AFs污染的防控措施,以期为中药安全标准和监管政策的完善提供参考,确保中药的安全使用。
Aflatoxins(AFs)are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus fungi,exhibiting both acute hepatotoxicity and chronic toxicity.Long-term exposure to AFs can induce carcinogenic risks,and they have been classified as groupⅠcarcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)are susceptible to AF contamination during production,processing,and storage.Although the 2025 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has established limit standards for some TCMs,many commonly used TCMs have not yet been included in these standards.This paper aims to offer references for the improvement of safety standards and regulatory policies for TCMs by reviewing the structure,toxicity,and common detection methods of AFs,summarizing the contamination status of AFs in TCMs,comparing the similarities and differences in regulatory limits between China and other countries,as well as discussing prevention and control measures for AF contamination in TCMs.
作者
吴焕玲
刘畅
张辰辰
杨继
马江
胡丹钰
杨光
何新
WU Huanling;LIU Chang;ZHANG Chenchen;YANG Ji;MA Jiang;HU Danyu;YANG Guang;HE Xin(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)
出处
《中国现代中药》
2025年第7期1401-1416,共16页
Modern Chinese Medicine
基金
国家中医药管理局重点品种资源调查项目(GHC-2024-ZFGM-275)
广州市科技计划项目(2025A03J3889)。
关键词
中药
黄曲霉毒素
慢性毒性
污染
药食同源
traditional Chinese medicine
aflatoxins
chronic toxicity
contamination
medicine and food homology
