摘要
高速磁悬浮车辆系统是复杂的电磁-机电-车轨-流固耦合系统,速度600 km/h高速磁悬浮车辆系统研发中面临复杂运行条件的技术挑战。基于大系统工程思想,以安全、可靠、舒适和环保为需求,围绕高速磁悬浮车辆动力学、空气动力学、噪声控制和电磁兼容等关键技术,开展耦合匹配设计与集成优化悬浮导向控制、悬挂刚度-阻尼匹配设计和车体外形设计优化气动性能。结果表明:通过耦合模型仿真及试验测试电磁力提升14%,车辆横向振动加速度降低75%,气动阻力、升力和交会压力波分别降低17%、21%、3.5%;噪声采用分频段噪声控制策略与全新车厢设计,车内噪声降至轮轨动车组400 km/h水平,车外噪声通过声屏障降噪5~12 dB(A)。电磁兼容正向设计,客室磁场辐射符合国标,对外辐射强度低于国际同类系统。速度600 km/h磁浮应进一步聚焦高速铁路共性技术应用,围绕悬浮导向系统的动态稳定性与耦合振动抑制及高速磁悬浮达速试验及综合评估,持续提升高速磁悬浮系统性能,构建科学合理的试验与评估体系。
The high-speed maglev vehicle system represents a complex electromagnetic-electromechanical-vehicle-track-fluid-structure coupled system,with its development for operation at 600 km/h facing significant challenges in multi-physics coupling under extreme operational conditions.Guided by the philosophy of macro-level system engineering,this study addressed safety,reliability,passenger comfort,and environmental requirements through integrated optimization of key technologies including maglev vehicle dynamics,aerodynamics,noise control,and electromagnetic compatibility,and optimize the body shape and improve the aerodynamic performance.Systematic improvements achieved through suspension guidance control optimization and suspension stiffness-damping matching design demonstrate 14%enhancement in electromagnetic force and 75%reduction in lateral vibration acceleration.Aerodynamic optimization of car body configuration yields 17%,21%,and 3.5%reductions in drag force,lift force,and pressure wave amplitude induced by vehicle meetings respectively.A frequency-band noise control strategy combined with innovative cabin design achieves interior noise levels comparable to 400 km/h wheel-rail trains,with exterior noise reduction of 5~12 dB(A)being realized through optimized sound barriers.Forward electromagnetic compatibility design ensures that cabin magnetic field radiation complies with Chinese national standards while the external radiation intensity remains lower than that of comparable international systems.For 600 km/h maglev systems,future development should focus on the application of high-speed rail generic technologies,dynamic stability enhancement of suspension systems,coupled vibration suppression,comprehensive speed-attaining tests,and establishment of scientific evaluation frameworks to advance maglev system performance.
作者
付善强
吴冬华
梁鑫
杜俊涛
张修璐
FU Shanqiang;WU Donghua;LIANG Xin;DU Juntao;ZHANG Xiulu(Maglev R&D Center,CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China;State Key Laboratory of High-speed Maglev Transportation Technology,Qingdao 266111,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)
出处
《铁道学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1-8,共8页
Journal of the China Railway Society
基金
国家自然科学基金(52232013,52432012)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4302500)
中国中车股份有限公司“十四五”科技重大专项(2021CCZ002-3)。
关键词
高速磁悬浮
系统匹配设计
动力学优化
气动降噪
电磁兼容
high-speed maglev
system matching design
dynamics optimization
aerodynamic noise reduction
electromagnetic compatibility
