摘要
Ga、Ge、In等稀散金属对高科技发展及国防建设有着重要作用,被我国和美欧列为战略性关键矿产资源.铅锌矿床不仅是我国铅、锌有色金属的主要来源,同时蕴藏丰富的稀散金属资源.秦岭造山带是我国重要的铅锌资源产地,但其稀散金属研究较为薄弱,尚缺乏系统性的稀散金属资源评价工作.本研究选取秦岭造山带西秦岭和东秦岭地区19个代表性铅锌矿床为研究对象,利用LA-ICP-MS测定了不同矿床中闪锌矿微量元素组成并收集前人分析数据,揭示闪锌矿中稀散金属Ga、Ge、In、Cd的含量和赋存状态.研究结果显示,西秦岭地区铅锌矿床闪锌矿中Ga、Ge含量略高于东秦岭地区,其中冷水北沟矿床Ga平均含量最高(约210×10^(-6)),锡铜沟矿床平均Ge含量最高(约145×10^(-6)).东秦岭地区铅锌矿床闪锌矿中In、Cd含量显著高于西秦岭,其中骆驼山矿床In平均含量最高(约304×10^(-6)),破山矿床Cd平均含量最高(约7186×10^(-6)).除少数矿床出现少量含Ge独立矿物以外,秦岭造山带铅锌矿床中Ga、Ge、In稀散金属主要以类质同象形式与Cu离子(个别矿床有Ag离子)共同替代Zn离子进入闪锌矿晶格.Cd则以直接替代Fe或与Fe共同替代Zn的方式进入闪锌矿晶格.结合本次研究结果和铅锌矿床锌资源量数据,利用矿物计算法开展秦岭造山带稀散金属资源评价.评价结果表明,秦岭造山带Ga资源分布不均匀,其中东秦岭冷水北沟矿床Ga资源量最高(约479 t).Ge资源主要分布在西秦岭地区,其中洛坝矿床Ge资源量最高(约190 t).In资源集中分布在东秦岭地区,其中骆驼山矿床In资源量最高(约450 t).秦岭造山带Cd资源较为丰富,西秦岭厂坝-李家沟矿床Cd资源量高达2.18万t.本研究系统查明了秦岭造山带铅锌矿床中稀散金属的分布规律并进行了初步资源评价,对区域铅锌矿床中伴生稀散金属的综合利用有着重要的指导意义.
Dispersed metals such as gallium(Ga),germanium(Ge)and indium(In)play significant roles in high-tech development and national defense construction and have been classified as strategic and critical metals in China,USA and Europe.Pb-Zn deposits are not only the primary source of lead and zinc non-ferrous metals,but also rich in dispersed metal resources.The Qinling orogenic belt is an important Pb-Zn resource-producing area in China.Research on dispersed metals in the Pb-Zn deposits of this area is relatively weak,and there is a lack of systematic evaluation of dispersed metal resources.This study selected 19 representative Pb-Zn deposits in the West Qinling and East Qinling districts as the research objects.The trace element composition of sphalerite from different deposits determined using LA-ICP-MS with previous analytical data were summarized to reveal the contents and occurrences of dispersed metals Ga,Ge,In,and Cd.The research results indicate that the contents of Ga and Ge in sphalerite from Pb-Zn deposits in the West Qinling district are slightly higher than those in the East Qinling district.Among them,the Ga content in the Lengshuibeigou deposit is the highest(ave.~210×10^(-6)),and the Ge content in the Xitonggou deposit is the highest(ave.~145×10^(-6))The contents of In and Cd in sphalerite from Pb-Zn deposits in the East Qinling district were significantly higher than those in the West Qinling district.Among them,the Luotuoshan deposit contains the highest In(ave.~304×10^(-6))while the Poshan deposit contains the highest Cd(ave.~7186×10^(-6)).With the exception of a few deposits that contained a small amount of independent Ge minerals,the dispersed metals Ga,Ge,In,and Cd in the Pb-Zn deposits of the Qinling orogenic belt mainly entered the sphalerite lattice in the form of isomorphism with Cu ions replacing Zn ions.Based on the results of this study and the zinc resource data of the deposits,the evaluation of dispersed metal resources in the Qinling orogenic belt was carried out using the mineral calculation method.The evaluation results demonstrate that the distribution of Ga resources in the Qinling orogenic belt is uneven.Among them,the Lengshuibeigou deposit in the East Qinling district has the highest Ga resources(~479 t).Ge resources are mainly distributed in the West Qinling district,with the Ge resource of the Luoba deposit being the highest(~190 t).In resources are concentrated in the East Qinling district,with the In resources of the Luotuoshan deposit being the highest(~450 t).The Cd resource in the Qinling orogenic belt is relatively abundant,with the Cd resources of the Changba-Lijiagou deposit reaching as high as 21000 t.This study systematically identified the distribution patterns of dispersed metals Ga,Ge,In,and Cd in Pb-Zn deposits in the Qinling orogenic belt and conducted a preliminary resource evaluation,which holds significant guiding significance for the comprehensive utilization of associated dispersed metals in Pb-Zn deposits in the area.
作者
李占轲
胡佳
张君
李晓明
王畅
索祖真
周俊杰
柯达
Li Zhanke;Hu Jia;Zhang Jun;Li Xiaoming;Wang Chang;Suo Zuzhen;Zhou Junjie;Ke Da(School of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China)
出处
《地球科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期2083-2106,共24页
Earth Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFC2900300)
国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.41772074,42172103,42130814)。
关键词
秦岭造山带
铅锌矿床
稀散金属
资源评价
综合利用
矿物学
矿床
Qinling orogenic belt
Pb-Zn deposit
dispersed metals
resource evaluation
comprehensive utilization
mineralogy
ore deposit
