摘要
为分析我国羊生产交易环节卫生状况及相关主体行为特征,提升羊群疫病防控工作的针对性、科学性,采用问卷调查和现场调查相结合的方式,对内蒙古、新疆、云南、河南、安徽、湖南等6个省份24个县(区)的627个羊养殖场户、128个活羊经纪人和15个交易市场进行调查。结果显示:6省份户均存栏、出栏羊只分别由2016年的29.5、31.8只增加到2023年的36.4、37.9只;48.3%的被调查场户同时饲养其他动物,63.1%的场户表示买方会进圈挑羊,57.1%的交易市场允许活羊在市场内过夜存放;养殖环节中67.9%的育肥羊通过经纪人或市场购入,76.0%通过经纪人或市场出售;市场内43.3%的活羊通过经纪人交易。结果表明:我国6省份羊养殖规模化程度不断提升,养殖、流通环节生物安全水平总体偏低;活羊调运量大、面广,经纪人是活羊流通的关键因素。建议提高养殖环节和活羊交易市场生物安全水平,强化流通环节的检疫监管。
In order to analyze the hygiene status during sheep production and trading as well as the characteristics of relevant practitioners'behaviors in China,and to improve the efforts of disease prevention and control in terms of specificity and scientificity,an investigation was conducted using questionnaires combined with on-site survey,involving 627 farms/households,128 brokers and 15 markets in 24 counties/districts in 6 provinces including Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Yunnan,Henan,Anhui and Hunan.It was shown that the average inventory and offtake increased from 29.5 and 31.8 in 2016 to 36.4 and 37.9 in 2023,respectively;48.3%of investigated farms/households kept other animals at the same time,63.1%of farms/households stated that buyers would enter pens to select sheep,and 57.1%of markets allowed live sheep to stay overnight there;67.9%of fattened sheep were purchased via brokers or from markets,and 76.0%of fattened sheep were sold through brokers or on markets;43.3%of live sheep in markets were sold via brokers.In conclusion,the scale of sheep farming in the 6 provinces was increasing,but the biosafety level during sheep production and movement was generally low;brokers were considered as a key factor in the movement of live sheep that were often in large batch and involving several premises.It was recommended to improve the biosafety level during sheep farming and on markets,and to strengthen quarantine supervision during the whole movement.
作者
杨宏琳
刘瀚泽
徐全刚
杨柳
戴美霞
赵胜杰
贾皓
张懿
李威
邓国强
金晓宇
沈朝建
Yang Honglin;Liu Hanze;Xu Quangang;Yang Liu;Dai Meixia;Zhao Shengje;Jia Hao;Zhang Yi;Li Wei;Deng Guoqiang;Jin Xiaoyu;Shen Chaojian(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563004,Guizhou,China;Henan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Zhengzhou 450008,Henan,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,China;Yunnan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China;Hunan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Changsha 410014,Hunan,China;Anhui Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Hefei 230022,Anhui,China)
出处
《中国动物检疫》
2025年第5期1-6,共6页
China Animal Health Inspection
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1800505)。
关键词
养殖特征
流通特征
羊群
卫生状况
主体行为
production characteristic
movement characteristic
sheep herd
health status
practitioners'behavior
