摘要
从原始社会始,人类即形成了由家族观念与血缘亲情、原始大同意识与群体融合气氛、人与自然为一的浑然境界、朴素纯真的人类原质四大要素构成的精神家园。西方自城邦即国家形成便全面地从人类精神家园“离家出走”外出流浪,而中国虽也经历了私有制、契约式法律、理性思维等,但中国哲学、史学等都相当程度地存续了人类精神家园的四大要素。特别是灿若河汉的中国诗歌,以美轮美奂的方式负载了人类精神家园的重要谛义:家园之恋与人伦亲情、大同情怀与中和心向、天人合一与物我互陶、精神自适与心灵安顿。一部中国诗史可说是一步一回头,充满了对人类精神家园的怅望、眷念、迷恋,也饱蕴了体悟、期待、生发。中国诗歌对于人类精神史的第一位贡献,可能就是对于人类精神家园的灿烂存续与美丽追寻。
Since primitive society,humanity has established a spiritual home constituted by four essential elements:familial bonds and kinship affection,primordial utopian consciousness and communal harmony,the holistic unity of humans and nature,and the simple purity of human essence.While Western civilization departed from this spiritual home upon the formation of city-states(equivalent to nations)and embarked on spiritual wandering,China,despite experiencing private ownership,contractual law,and rational thinking,has substantially preserved these four elements through its philosophy and historiography.Particularly,Chinese poetry,resplendent as the Milky Way,carries the profound significance of humanity's spiritual home through its exquisite artistry:nostalgia for home and ethical kinship,utopian sentiments and balanced harmony,the unity of heaven and humanity with mutual refinement between self and things,spiritual self-reconciliation and inner tranquility.The history of Chinese poetry may be described as a journey marked by constant retrospection,replete with contemplation,nostalgia,and profound attachment to humanity's spiritual home,while also imbued with enlightenment,expectation,and creative unfolding.Chinese poetry's foremost contribution to human spiritual history lies precisely in this splendid preservation and beautiful pursuit of humanity's spiritual home.
作者
冯国荣
Feng Guorong(Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)
关键词
中国诗歌
精神家园
精神自适
心灵安顿
Chinese poetry
spiritual home
spiritual self-reconciliation
inner tranquility
