摘要
目的分析2015—2022年我国急性出血性结膜炎流行特征及流行趋势,为急性出血性结膜炎防控策略和措施调整提供数据支持。方法从中国传染病信息报告系统收集整理2015—2022年我国急性出血性结膜炎报告病例数据,使用描述性分析方法分析我国急性出血性结膜炎的人群分布特征、时间流行趋势和空间聚集性情况。结果2015—2022年,全国急性出血性结膜炎报告发病率在1.85/10万~2.97/10万之间,呈波动下降趋势,报告发病率AAPC为-4.91(95%CI:-7.74~-2.00,P<0.05),其中,2015—2019年APC为2.73(95%CI:-2.34~8.06,P=0.189),2019—2022年APC为-14.23(95%CI:-21.78~-5.94,P<0.05)。每年年龄别发病率均以0-4岁儿童最高(2015—2019年在4.69~5.67/10万之间,2020—2022年期间明显下降,在1.93~2.72/10万之间);0~4岁以下儿童报告病例占比总体呈下降趋势,从2015年的8.68%降至2020年的3.76%,2021—2022年占比(5.74%)有所上升;2020年后60岁以上年龄组占比上升,2022年占比为33.59%。女性病例占比从2015年的44.88%上升至2022年的48.76%。病例以农民为主,每年农民报告病例数占比在50%左右,呈波动上升趋势,2020年占比(60.96%)最高。2015—2019年全国急性出血性结膜炎5—9月呈现明显季节发病高峰,2020—2022年季节发病不明显。病例主要分布在我国广西、海南等西南部省份。高发县区每年均集中在广西壮族自治区乐业县、湖北十堰市茅箭区、广西壮族自治区富川瑶族自治县、云南省富宁县以及西藏自治区普兰县。结论2015—2022年全国急性出血性结膜炎报告发病率呈波动下降趋势,其中2020—2022年下降明显,可能与新冠疫情防控期间非药物干预措施影响有关。需加强对农民、60岁以上年龄组人群的关注,降低发病风险。同时,加强我国西南部高发县区的健康宣教、增加配备卫生设施等综合防控措施,降低急性出血性结膜炎的感染风险。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis(AHC)in China from 2015 to 2022,and to provide evidence for the adjustment of prevention and control strategies and measures for AHC.Methods The case data of AHC reported by national notifiable disease information system from 2015 to 2022 were collected,and descriptive analysis method were used to analyze the population distribution characteristics,temporal epidemiological trends and spatial clusters of AHC in China.Results From 2015 to 2022,the incidence of AHC in China ranged from 1.85/100000 to 2.97/100000,with a fluctuating downward trend.The average annual percent change(AAPC)was-4.91(95%CI:-7.74 to-2.00,P<0.05),with an annual percent change(APC)of 2.73(95%CI:-2.34 to 8.06,P=0.189)for 2015—2019 and an APC of-14.23(95%CI:-21.78 to-5.94,P<0.05).The age-specific incidence rate was highest in children aged 0-4 years(fluctuating between 4.69 and 5.67/100000 from 2015 to 2019;It decreased significantly during 2020—2022,fluctuating between 1.93 and 2.72 per 100000).The proportion of cases in children at 0-4 years of age showed a fluctuating downward trend from 8.68%in 2015 to 3.76%in 2020,with an increase in 2021—2022 to 5.74%.After 2020,the proportion of the population aged 60 years and above has increased,reaching 33.59%in 2022.Cases were mainly farmers,with a fluctuating upward trend of around 50%per year,with the highest percentage of 60.96%in 2020.The peak seasonal incidence of AHC was obvious from May to September from 2015 to 2019,but it was not obvious in 2020—2022.The cases were mainly distributed in Guangxi,Hainan and other provinces in the southwestern part of China.The high incidence counties were concentrated in Leye County of Guangxi,Maojian District of Hubei,Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi,Funing County of Yunnan,and Pulan County of Xizang every year.Conclusions The overall epidemic rate of AHC in China showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2015 to 2022,with a pronounced decline observed between 2020 and 2022,potentially linked to non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic.Increased attention needs to be given to farmers and people above 60 years of age to reduce the risk of morbidity.Moreover,prevention and control efforts should be strengthened in high-risk areas of southwestern China,and comprehensive measures should be implemented in counties with high incidence,including enhanced health education campaigns and improved allocation of sanitary facilities,to reduce the risk of AHC infection.This study is the first to highlight the potential impact of public health policies on AHC epidemiology,thereby offering a scientific foundation for population-and region-specific precision prevention strategies,particularly guiding the refinement of control measures in high-burden areas.
作者
张云飞
师悦
姜剑锋
郑学东
金柏君
常昭瑞
秦天
耿梦杰
王世文
Zhang Yunfei;Shi Yue;Jiang Jianfeng;Zheng Xuedong;Jin Baijun;Chang Zhaorui;Qin Tian;Geng Mengjie;Wang Shiwen(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206;Liaoning provincial Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110172;Shandong provincial Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250014;Jilin Provincial Disease Control and Prevention,Changchun 130000;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206)
出处
《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》
2025年第3期270-277,共8页
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
基金
中国疾病预防控制中心青年科学基金(2023A102)
国家自然科学基金(82073675)
中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(102393220020010000017)。
关键词
急性出血性结膜炎
流行特征
报告发病率
防控措施
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Epidemic characteristics
Incidence
Prevention and control measures
