摘要
质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)寿命衰减与实际道路工况的耦合机制是氢燃料汽车(FCV)商业化的核心瓶颈。本研究基于北京、宁波的3支城郊物流车队(60辆FCV,2022-2024年数据),提取典型工况并构建电压衰减模型。结果表明:(1)高频工况(高频次、长距离运输)加速衰减,对应催化层溶解与扩散层老化机理;(2)典型城郊工况中城镇工况劣化显著,印证了频繁启停促使铂团聚与膜损伤;(3)南方沿海城郊工况(宁波:高温湿、盐雾环境)衰减速率为北京相似工况的5倍,主因是PEMFC极板被电化学腐蚀;(4)数据驱动线性模型拟合度高(>98%),验证了寿命预测可行性。研究为PEMFC耐久性设计与区域化运营提供定量支撑。
The coupling mechanism between life decay of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC)and real-world driving conditions is the core bottleneck of the commercialization of hydrogen fuel vehicles(FCVS).Based on three suburban logistics fleets(60 FCVS,2022-2024 data)in Beijing and Ningbo,in this study typical working conditions are extracted and a voltage attenuation model is constructed.The results show that:(1)the attenuation is accelerated under high frequency conditions(high frequency,long distance transport),which corresponds to the dissolution mechanism of the catalytic layer and the aging mechanism of the diffusion layer;(2)In typical suburban working conditions,the deterioration of urban working conditions is significant,which verifies that frequent start-stop accelerates platinum agglomeration and membrane damage;(3)The attenuation rate of southern coastal suburban conditions(Ningbo:high temperature and humidity,salt spray environment)is 5 times that of similar conditions in Beijing,mainly due to electrochemical corrosion of PEMFC plate;(4)High data-driven linear model fitting degree(>98%),verifies the feasibility of life prediction.This study provides quantitative support for durability design and regional operation of PEMFC.
作者
常文
邵赓华
郭凤刚
张敬贵
吴永豪
赵宏建
刘尹
张健
姚东升
Chang Wen;Shao Genghua;Guo Fenggang;Zhang Jinggui;Wu Yonghao;Zhao Hongjian;Liu Yin;Zhang Jian;Yao Dongsheng(Engineering Research Institute,Beiqi Foton Motor Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102206;College of Information Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617)
出处
《汽车工程》
北大核心
2025年第7期1296-1304,共9页
Automotive Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“储供氢系统应用与快速加注验证”(2021YFB2500505)资助。
关键词
实际道路工况
燃料电池汽车
质子交换膜燃料电池
性能衰减预测
real-world driving conditions
fuel cell vehicle(FCV)
proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)
performance degradation prediction
