复古与鸣盛:明初江右诗派与闽中诗派与台阁体的形成

Retro and Flourishing:The Formation of Jiangyou Poetry School,Minzhong Poetry School,and Taige Style during the Early Ming Dynasty

下载PDF

导出

摘要以明初五派(吴中诗派、浙东诗派、江右诗派、闽中诗派和岭南诗派)为代表的东南文人群体是永宣年间台阁体的重要来源。事实上,受到政治格局、文学风格等因素影响,五派的影响力度其实亦有差别:浙派受到灭吴之战、靖难之役等一系列政治波动的影响,其从元末以来所占据的优势地位便受到了毁灭性的打击。以“南园五先生”为代表的岭南诗派偏居一隅,且其存诗大抵浪漫疏狂,与主流“鸣盛”之风相抵牾,故而未成大气候。至于闽中诗派,除高棅等人“脱闽入赣”从而具备台阁特质外,闽中文人在朝中影响都颇为有限。独有赣派文人在明初政治动荡后不降反升,并利用科举、姻亲、交游等方式构建了强大的政治话语与文学话语,其所宗尚的“雅正”之风在完成“复古-雅正-鸣盛”的融汇之后,成为了台阁体诗风的主要源头。 The Southeast literati group,represented by the five schools of poetry in the early Ming Dynasty(Wuzhong Poetry School,Zhedong Poetry School,Jiangyou Poetry School,Minzhong Poetry School,and Lingnan Poetry School),was an important source of the Taige style during the Yong-xuan period.In fact,influenced by factors such as political landscape and literary style,the influence of the Five Schools also varies:the Zhedong Poetry School was affected by a series of political fluctuations such as the Battle of Wu and the Jingnan Campaign,and its dominant position since the end of the Yuan Dynasty was dealt a devastating blow.The Lingnan Poetry School,represented by the“Five Masters of Nanyuan”,was relatively isolated,and its surviving poems were mostly romantic and sparse,which contradicted the mainstream trend of“ode to flourish”,so it did not become a major trend.As for the Minzhong Poetry School,except for Gao Bing and others who“left Min and entered Gan”to possess the characteristics of the Taige,the influence of literati in Minzhong Poetry School was quite limited in the court.After the political turmoil in the early Ming Dynasty,the unique Gan School literati did not surrender but instead rose,and used methods such as the imperial examination,kinship,and social networking to construct a strong political and literary discourse.Their emphasis on the“elegant and upright”style became the main source of the Taige style poetry style after completing the integration of“retro,elegant and upright,and flourishing”.

作者洪昌 HONG Chang(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区厦门大学中国语言文学系

出处《艺术学刊》 2025年第2期21-26,共6页 Journal of Art Studies

关键词江右诗派闽中诗派台阁体林鸿高棅文学地理学 Jiangyou Poetry School Minzhong Poetry School Taige style Lin Hong Gao Bing literary geography

分类号 I222 [文学—中国文学]