摘要
试验旨在研究青贮添加剂与水分含量对甘草茎叶半干青贮发酵品质的影响。试验1:将甘草茎叶分为两组进行青贮处理,GJ组添加0.035 g青贮添加剂青贮,GN组无添加剂青贮,每组6个重复,青贮60 d。试验2:在试验1结果的基础上调整水分含量,共设置6组,G65J35组、G60J40组、G55J45组、G50J50组、G45J55组和G40J60组甘草茎叶水分含量分别为35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%,每组4个重复,青贮60 d。结果显示:GJ组粗蛋白(CP)、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、乳酸(LA)、乙酸(AA)、丙酸(PA)含量显著高于GN组(P<0.05),氨态氮/总氮(NH3-N/TN)和pH值显著低于GN组(P<0.05)。G55J45组CP和WSC含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),G65J35组和G55J45组粗灰分(Ash)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。G65J35组、G60J40组、G55J45组、G50J50组青贮感官等级为优良,G45J55组和G40J60组青贮感官等级为尚好,其中G55J45组感官得分最高,感官品质较好。G60J40组和G55J45组的Simpson指数显著高于G45J55组(P<0.05),G55J45组的Shannon指数显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。所有试验组甘草茎叶半干青贮相对丰度排名前3的优势菌门为厚壁菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门;G50J50组和G45J55组的第一大优势菌属为植物乳杆菌属,而G60J40组的为迟缓乳杆菌属,G55J45组的为其他菌属。有氧暴露后G55J45组的pH值呈下降趋势,有氧暴露第15天时G55J45组霉菌数量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),说明G55J45组有利于长时间保存甘草茎叶青贮。研究表明,水分含量为45%时添加青贮添加剂,甘草茎叶半干青贮效果较好。
The experiment aimed to study the effects of silage additives and moisture content on the fermentation quality of semi-dry silage of licorice stems and leaves.Experiment 1:The stems and leaves of licorice were divided into two groups for silage treatment.Group GJ was silaged with 0.035 g of silage additive,while group GN was silaged without additive.There were six replicates in each group,and the silage lasted for 60 days.Experiment 2:Based on the results of experiment 1,the moisture content was adjusted and a total of six groups were set up.The moisture content of the G65J35 group,G60J40 group,G55J45 group,G50J50 group,G45J55 group,and G40J60 group was 35%,40%,45%,50%,55%,and 60%,respectively,with four replicates in each group,and the silage was 60 days.The results showed that the contents of crude protein(CP),soluble carbohydrate(WSC),lactic acid(LA),acetic acid(AA),and propionic acid(PA)in the GJ group were significantly higher than those in the GN group(P<0.05),while the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen(NH3-N/TN)and pH value were significantly lower than those in the GN group(P<0.05).The contents of CP and WSC in the G55J45 group were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05),and the content of crude Ash(Ash)in the G65J35 group and the G55J45 group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).The sensory grades of silage in G65J35,G60J40,G55J45,and G50J50 groups were excellent,while those in G45J55 and G40J60 groups were relatively good.Among them,G55J45 group had the highest sensory score and better sensory quality.The Simpson index of the G60J40 and G55J45 groups was significantly higher than that of the G45J55 group(P<0.05),and the Shannon index of the G55J45 group was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05).The top 3 dominant bacterial phyla in terms of relative abundance of semidry silage of licorice stems and leaves in all experimental groups were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota.The dominant bacterial genus in the G50J50 and the G45J55 groups was Lactobacillus plantarum,while that in the G60J40 group was Lactobacillus lactiflora,and that in the G55J45 group was other bacterial genera.After aerobic exposure,the pH value of the G55J45 group showed a downward trend.On the 15th day of aerobic exposure,the number of molds in the G55J45 group was significantly lower than that in the other groups(P<0.05),indicating that the G55J45 group was conducive to the long-term preservation of licorice stem and leaf silage.The study indicates that when the moisture content is 45%,adding silage additives,the semi-dry silage effect of licorice stems and leaves is bettter.
作者
唐利敏
刘浩南
孙瑜良
高崎峰
任宇斓
贾春英
于厚军
蒋涛
TANG Limin;LIU Haonan;SUN Yuliang;GAO Qifeng;REN Yulan;JIA Chunying;YU Houjun;JIANG Tao
出处
《饲料研究》
北大核心
2025年第11期105-111,共7页
Feed Research
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区奶产业技术体系项目(项目编号:XJARS—11)
兵团农业关键核心技术攻关项目(项目编号:NYHXGG、2023AA205)
师市重点领域科技攻关项目(项目编号:S2023LY00007)
塔里木大学校长基金自然科学项目(项目编号:TDZXZX202303)
研究型一般项目“甘草茎叶低水分青贮在绵羊生产中应用”(项目编号:HS202404)。
关键词
水分
青贮添加剂
甘草茎叶
发酵品质
微生物多样性
moisture content
silage additives
licorice stems and leaves
fermentation quality
microbial diversity
