摘要
随着矿井开采水平逐渐加深和煤炭需求量的增大,为推动煤矿实现安全高效开采、资源节约和降本增效目标,对主采煤层之上的浅埋薄煤层进行开采尤为重要。因此,以神广煤矿上行开采为研究对象,并基于材料力学岩梁强度理论和数值模拟的方法,对上行开采过程中“连续岩梁”的应力、载荷以及煤柱的稳定性进行了计算分析,以解决神广煤矿上行开采安全性依据不足这一问题。研究结果表明,在上行开采过程中,煤柱上方“连续岩梁”的剪力与弯矩基本为均匀分布,但位于边界处的2号与17号煤柱的剪力与弯矩最大为13.96 q、10.09q,相较于平均值增大了7.38%和16.09%。同时对“连续岩梁”的载荷进行计算,并基于Bieniawsk强度计算公式得到其安全系数分别为18.6与6.31,二者均大于1,其状态仍然保持稳定。在此情况下对上行开采的稳定性进行分析,当5-2煤层开采后,受上覆岩层载荷的影响,采场中心垂直应力最大为12.46 MPa,垂直位移为17.3 mm,而4-3煤层开采后,虽然采场中心垂直应力依然较大,但5-2煤层的煤柱及采空区顶板垂直应力有所减小,由12.46 MPa减小至11.52 MPa,垂直位移于0~50 m及450~500 m段位移增大为15.8 mm,此时位移规律呈下凹形态,但满足矿井安全生产需求。
This paper takes the upward mining of Shenguang Coal Mine as the research object.In order to solve the problem of insufficient safety basis for the upward mining,based on the strength theory of rock beam in material mechanics and the method of numerical simulation,the stress,load and stability of coal pillar of“continuous rock beam”in the process of upward mining are calculated.The results show that:in the process of upward mining,the shear force and bending moment of the“continuous rock beam”above the coal pillar are basically evenly distributed,but the maximum shear force and bending moment of No.2 and No.17 coal pillars at the boundary are 13.96 q and 10.09 q,which are 7.38%and 16.09%higher than the average value.At the same time,the load of the“continuous rock beam”is calculated,and the safety factors are 18.6 and 6.31 respectively based on the Bieniawsk strength calculation formula.Both are greater than 1,and its state remains stable.In this case,the stability of upward mining is an-alyzed.When the 5-2 coal seam is mined,the maximum vertical stress in the center of the stope is 12.46 MPa and the vertical displacement is 17.3 mm due to the influence of the overlying strata load.After the 4-3 coal seam is mined,although the vertical stress in the center of the stope is still larger,the vertical stress of the coal pillar and the roof of the goaf in the 5-2 coal seam decreases from 12.46 MPa to 11.52 MPa,and the vertical displacement and the displacement in the 0~50 m and 450~500 m sections increase to 15.8 mm.At this time,the displacement law is concave,still meeting the needs of mine safety production.
作者
刘东
张一铭
LIU Dong;ZHANG Yiming(College of Energy and Mining Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Shenmu City Energy Bureau,Yulin 719300,China)
出处
《陕西煤炭》
2025年第8期78-83,139,共7页
Shaanxi Coal
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52004200)。
关键词
浅埋煤层
上行开采
房柱式采空区
可行性
数值模拟
shallow coal seam
upward mining
room-and-pillar goaf
feasibility
numerical simulation
