摘要
产漂流性卵鱼类是河流生态健康的重要指示物种,明晰其物种分布和繁殖习性具有重要意义。从多渠道进行详尽的资料收集,厘清了中国江河产漂流性卵鱼类物种组成,并对其在各一级区分布情况以及繁殖习性进行分类梳理。研究结果如下:(1)明确中国江河产漂流性卵鱼类61种,其中受威胁物种14种,中国特有种34种;(2)长江区、珠江区产漂流性卵鱼类种类最丰富,同时受威胁物种比例也较高,是产漂流性卵鱼类保护的关键区域;(3)29种产漂流性卵鱼类在产卵时有流速需求,6月及以后产卵物种和最低产卵水温低于16℃的物种比例都呈现出北高南低的趋势;(4)漂流性受精卵吸水前平均卵径为1.43mm,吸水后平均卵膜径为4.36mm,膨胀率均值为328.2%,平均孵化时间多在12.4—44.4h(20.3—28.0℃)。研究成果可为水库生态调度方案制定、流域产漂流性卵鱼类保护等工作提供重要支撑。
Fishes that spawn semi-buoyant eggs are important indicators of river ecological health.Understanding their species distribution and reproductive habits is crucial.In this study,detailed data were collected from various sources to clarify the species composition of fishes that spawn semi-buoyant eggs in Chinese rivers,as well as their distribution across water resource areas(Class I)and reproductive habits.The main findings are as follows:(1)A total of 61 species were identified,including 14 threatened and 35 endemic species;(2)The Yangtze River and Pearl River regions exhibit the highest species richness of these fishes,with a relatively high proportion of threatened species,making them key conservation areas for these fishes;(3)29 species have specific flow velocity requirements during spawning.The proportion of species that spawn in June and later,as well as those with a minimum spawning water temperature below 16℃,tends to be higher in the north and lower in the south;(4)The average diameter of the semi-buoyant eggs before absorption was 1.43 mm,increasing to 4.36 mm after absorption,resulting in an average expansion rate of 328.2%.The average incubation time ranged from 12.4 to 44.4 hours at temperatures between 20.3 and 28.0℃.These results provide critical support for developing ecological management plans for reservoirs and conserving fish species that spawn semi-buoyant eggs in river systems.
作者
唐家璇
曾庆慧
胡鹏
张金良
吴思萱
刘卫
TANG Jiaxuan;ZENG Qinghui;HU Peng;ZHANG Jinliang;WU Sixuan;LIU Wei(School of Civil Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Jiacha Hydropower Plant of Huaneng Xizang Brahmaputra Hydropower Development Investment Co.,Ltd.,Shannan 856000,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第13期6609-6622,共14页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3205000,2022YFC3204201)
国家自然科学基金联合项目(U2240202)
中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(WR0145B072024)。
关键词
产漂流性卵鱼类
物种分布
濒危特有情况
繁殖习性
中国江河
fishes that spawn semi-buoyant eggs
species distribution
endangered and endemic status
reproductive habits
rivers of China
