摘要
离心通风机作为轨道交通车辆主要的通风机冷却设备之一,其噪声已经成为轨道交通车辆研究的重要问题。介绍了一款无蜗壳离心通风机降噪优化设计及验证过程,利用CFX数值仿真,对无蜗壳离心通风机进行了性能计算、流场仿真及噪声计算,并利用响应面方法对离心叶轮进行优化。提出了采用前倾叶片结构和前倾加波形前缘叶片结构两种方案,通过减少叶片入口处压力面和吸力面的压力差,以及叶轮前盘和集流器间的泄漏损失,从而降低离心通风机涡流噪声。通过仿真计算和试验验证,叶片前倾以及叶片前倾加波浪前缘的结构可有效降低风机噪声,并提升效率。优化后,叶片前倾风机静压效率提高了1.9%,噪声降低了5 dB(A计权),叶片前倾加波形前缘风机静压效率提高了3%,噪声降低了5.8 dB(A计权),优化提升效果明显。研究结果可为离心风机的降噪优化设计提供参考。
Centrifugal fan is one of the main ventilation and cooling equipment for rail transit vehicles,and its noise has become an important research issue in rail transit vehicles.The optimization design and verification process of a volute-free centrifugal fan is introduced.CFX numerical simulation is used to calculate the performance,flow field and noise of the volute-free centrifugal fan,and the response surface method is used to optimize the centrifugal impeller.By reducing the pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface at the inlet of the blade,and the leakage loss between the front disk of the impeller and the collector,the eddy current noise of the centrifugal fan is reduced by using forward-tilted blade structure and forward-tilted waveform leading edge blade structure.Through simulation calculation and test,the structure of blade forward tilt and blade forward plus wave leading edge can effectively reduce the noise of the fan and improve the efficiency.After optimization,the static pressure efficiency of the fan with forward blade tilt is increased by 1.9%,and the noise is reduced by 5 dB(A).The static pressure efficiency of the fan with forward blade tilt and waveform leading edge is increased by 3%,and the noise is reduced by 5.8 dB(A).The research can provide reference for the noise reduction optimization design of centrifugal fans.
作者
王本义
安然
任晶
季玲
周鹏飞
Wang Benyi;An Ran;Ren Jing;Ji Ling;Zhou Pengfei(CRRC Dalian Institute Co.,Ltd.,Dalian,Liaoning 116021,China)
出处
《机电工程技术》
2025年第12期119-122,178,共5页
Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology
基金
辽宁省交通厅资助科技项目(202024)。
关键词
无蜗壳离心通风机
数值仿真
涡流噪声
优化设计
volute-free centrifugal fan
numerical simulation
eddy noise
optimal design
