摘要
系统梳理了桥梁结构的智能建模、智能优化、方案生成和智能深化方面的研究进展,并预测了桥梁结构智能设计的发展趋势。当前的桥梁建模研究主要包括参数化BIM和有限元建模。参数化建模的BIM主要用于可视化,难以转换为有限元模型进行结构分析和优化;参数化建模的有限元模型可用于结构分析和优化,但较为复杂的有限元模型仍需人工布置荷载并设置边界条件,且有限元模型也难以精确地转换为BIM模型。桥梁结构的智能优化研究中仍以采用启发式算法为主进行寻优,主要围绕钢筋混凝土结构开展,针对钢结构及钢-混凝土组合结构的研究较少,且研究中以单一荷载工况为主。采用生成式方法可快速生成桥梁方案,但目前的研究只涉及桥跨设计和桥梁选型。针对桥梁结构的智能深化设计研究成果很少,也未涉及智能深化设计与数字制造一体化。可以预见,通过智能设计技术,实现桥梁结构方案生成、建模、优化与深化的智能化,并实现数字化方案与后续数字制造、智能建造等环节的一体化,是桥梁结构设计发展的主要方向。
Research progress in parametric modeling,intelligent optimization,scheme generation,and intelligent details of bridge structures was systematically reviewed in this paper,and the development trend of the intelligent design of bridge structures was predicted.Current research on bridge modeling mainly includes parametric building information modeling(BIM)and parametric finite-element modeling.The BIM obtained from parametric modeling was mainly used for visualization,which is difficult to convert into a finite element model(FEM)for structural analysis and optimization.The FEM obtained from parametric modeling could be used for the analysis and optimization of structures.However,the layouts of the loads and boundary conditions for a relatively complex FEM were still manually implemented.Moreover,it was difficult to accurately convert FEM into a BIM model.In research on the intelligent optimization of bridge structures,heuristic algorithms remain the dominant approach for optimization,which mainly focuses on reinforced concrete structures.Few studies have been conducted on steel and steel-concrete composite structures.In addition,most studies have focused on single-load cases.The generative approach can be used for the rapid generation of bridge schemes.However,current studies have only considered span design and bridge-type selection.There have been few research results on the intelligent detailed design of bridge structures,and the integration of intelligent detailed design and digital manufacturing has not been considered.It is foreseeable that through intelligent design technology,the main direction of bridge structural design development will be the implementation of the intelligence of scheme generation,modeling,optimization,and detailed design of bridge structures,along with the integration of digital schemes with subsequent digital manufacturing and intelligent construction.
作者
周绪红
张喜刚
刘界鹏
许天祥
ZHOU Xu-hong;ZHANG Xi-gang;LIU Jie-peng;XU Tian-xiang(Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area(Chongqing University),Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400045,China;School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;CCCC Highway Bridge National Engineering Research Centre Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《中国公路学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1-16,共16页
China Journal of Highway and Transport
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0500901)
国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U20A20312)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2024M753843)。
关键词
桥梁工程
智能建模
综述
智能优化
生成式方法
智能深化
bridge engineering
intelligent modeling
review
intelligent optimization
generative approach
intelligent detail
