摘要
为探究中性大气边界层随机风场及风机尾流形成的复杂流场中风力发电机的气动性能和尾流特性,该文考虑平均风切变和脉动风速项,基于Kaimal风谱,通过谐波叠加法构建中性大气边界层随机风场模型,作为计算域风场输入。基于雷诺平均方程(RANS)方法,该文以NREL 5 MW风力机为研究对象,应用滑移网格技术,通过STAR-CCM+建立了2台串列式排布风力发电机仿真模型,并进行非定常模拟。通过对比定常风场与随机风场中上游和下游风力机的气动性能及尾流场特性等结果,该文讨论了随机风场对风力机的影响,并采用大涡模拟(LES)方法对比不同方法对风机气动性能的影响。结果表明:随机风场中,风机功率、所受推力及转矩随时间发生振荡,风速脉动项提高尾流与流场中自由流的动量交换,尾涡更易破碎,尾流速度恢复更快;RANS方法和LES方法在风机气动性能模拟上结果相差较小。
In order to explore the aerodynamic performance and wake characteristics of wind turbines in the complex flow field formed by the random wind field of the neutral atmospheric boundary layer and the wake of the wind turbine,considering the average wind shear and the fluctuating wind speed,based on the Kaimal wind spectrum,the random wind field model of the neutral atmospheric boundary layer is constructed in this paper by the harmonic superposition method,which is used as the wind field input in the calculation domain.Based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations(RANS)method,the NREL 5 MW wind turbine is taken as the research object,and the sliding mesh technology is applied to establish the simulation model of two serial arrangement wind turbines through STAR-CCM+for unsteady simulation.By comparing the aerodynamic performance and wake field characteristics of the upstream and downstream wind turbines in the steady wind field and the random wind field,the influence of the random wind field on the wind turbine is discussed.The Large eddy simulation(LES)method is used to compare the effects of different methods on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine.The results show that the power,thrust and torque of the wind turbine oscillate over time in the random wind field,the wind speed fluctuation term increases the momentum exchange between the wake and the free flow in the flow field,the wake vortex is more easily broken,and the wake velocity recovers faster.The RANS method and the LES method have little difference in the aerodynamic performance simulation of the wind turbine.
作者
宋子龙
范菊
刘成
Song Zilong;Fan Ju;Liu Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《水动力学研究与进展(A辑)》
北大核心
2025年第2期342-351,共10页
Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics
关键词
中性大气边界层
风力发电机
串列式排布
气动性能
流场特性
Neutral atmospheric boundary layer
Wind turbine
Serial arrangement
Aerodynamic performance
Flow field characteristics
