摘要
目的综述啮齿类动物继发性淋巴水肿(secondary lymphedema,SL)模型构建研究进展,旨在为SL研究选择恰当动物模型提供参考。方法广泛查阅近年国内外啮齿类动物SL模型相关文献,从模型类型、构建方法、优缺点等方面进行总结。结果目前研究构建啮齿类动物SL模型主要采用大鼠和小鼠,模型类型主要包括后肢、前肢、尾部和头颈部模型。后肢模型最常用,通常采用手术联合放射处理获得稳定慢性水肿效果;前肢模型主要模拟上肢淋巴水肿,但水肿消退较快;尾部模型操作简便,多用于急性水肿机制和干预研究,但模拟临床实际效果差;新兴的头颈部模型为研究头颈癌相关淋巴水肿提供了工具。不同模型在淋巴水肿持续时间、纤维化程度、水肿发生率等方面存在差异。结论现有啮齿类动物SL模型在模拟临床慢性淋巴水肿的长期性、纤维化、脂肪沉积和复杂微环境方面仍存在局限。未来研究需整合多学科方法,优化模型构建策略,并探索新型模型,以更准确地模拟人类疾病,推动SL防治研究。
Objective To summarize the research progress of rodent models of secondary lymphedema(SL)and provide a reference for selecting appropriate animal models in SL research.Methods Recent literature on rodent SL models at home and abroad was comprehensively analyzed,summarizing model categories,development techniques,strengths,and weaknesses.Results Current research primarily utilizes rats and mice to establish SL models.The main model types include hind limb,forelimb,tail,and head/neck models.The hind limb model is the most frequently employed,typically requiring surgery combined with irradiation to induce stable chronic edema.Forelimb models primarily simulate upper limb lymphedema,but exhibit relatively rapid edema resolution.Tail models offer operational simplicity and are predominantly used for studying acute edema mechanisms and interventions;however,they demonstrate poor clinical relevance.Emerging head/neck models provide a valuable tool for investigating head and neck cancer-associated lymphedema.These models exhibit variations in lymphedema duration,degree of fibrosis,and edema incidences.Conclusion Existing models still fall short in faithfully replicating the chronicity,fibrosis,fat deposition,and complex microenvironment characteristic of human chronic lymphedema.Future research must integrate multidisciplinary approaches,optimize model construction strategies,and explore novel modeling approaches to more accurately mimic the human disease and advance SL prevention and treatment research.
作者
王芸
肖顺娥
WANG Yun;XIAO Shune(Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou,563000,P.R.China)
出处
《中国修复重建外科杂志》
北大核心
2025年第7期919-924,共6页
Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery
基金
贵州省淋巴水肿基础与临床研究科技创新人才团队建设项目【(黔科合人才CXTD[2025]051)】。
