摘要
对全固态锂电池(ASSLBs)和传统锂离子电池集流体的材料主要性能及其优化设计进行了分析。分析表明:集流体在电池中不仅承担电子传输的基础功能,还在能量密度、循环稳定性和界面兼容性等方面发挥关键作用。现有的集流体材料包括过渡金属(如铜、铝)、碳基材料(如石墨烯)、锂合金以及新型材料(如MXene)等,它们在电池中的性能和寿命方面表现各异;集流体的优化设计主要集中在表面改性和几何结构优化,以提高其导电性、抗腐蚀性、稳定性和锂成核能力;在ASSLBs中,由于固态电解质的独特性质,集流体的设计面临新的挑战与机遇,特别是在界面接触和离子传导方面;通过不断优化集流体材料及结构,未来锂电池在能量密度、安全性和稳定性方面有望实现显著提升。
This paper presents a systematic analysis of the key material properties and optimization strategies of current collectors in both all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)and conventional lithium-ion batteries.The study reveals that current collectors not only serve as essential components for electron transport but also play a crucial role in enhancing energy density,cycling stability,and interfacial compatibility.Commonly used current collector materials include transition metals(such as copper and aluminum),carbon-based materials(such as graphene),lithium alloys,and emerging two-dimensional materials(such as MXene),each exhibiting distinct advantages and limitations in terms of conductivity,chemical stability,and structural compatibility.Optimization strategies primarily focus on surface modification and geometric design to improve electrical conductivity,corrosion resistance,interfacial stability,and lithium nucleation behavior.In ASSLBs,the unique physicochemical properties of solid-state electrolytes pose additional challenges and opportunities for the design of current collectors,particularly regarding interfacial contact and ionic conductivity.With continuous advancement in material selection and structural design,current collectors are expected to significantly enhance the energy density,safety,and long-term stability of next-generation lithium batteries.
作者
沈见冉
张杰
马航
万邦隆
贺豫娟
SHEN Jianran;ZHANG Jie;MA Hang;WAN Banglong;HE Yujuan(Research institute of YuntianhuaCo.,Ltd.,Kunming 650228,China)
出处
《云南化工》
2025年第7期14-21,共8页
Yunnan Chemical Technology
关键词
电池
集流体
全固态锂电池
碳基材料
锂金属阳极
Battery
Current Collector
All-solid-state Lithium Battery
Carbon-based Materials
LithiumMetal Anode
