摘要
在准噶尔盆地中深层油气勘探中,受强阻抗界面影响产生的多次波严重影响了地震资料成像质量。由于多次波与一次波差异小,且多源叠加导致多次波周期性特征不清楚,在资料处理过程中很难分辨一次波和多次波,因此精确识别多次波是进行多次波压制的先决条件。为此,首先对强阻抗界面反射系数、VSP标定和正演模拟结果进行分析,确定产生多次波的源头;其次,通过井震结合落实源头平面展布特征,确定多次波发育的平面区带;进而利用合成记录、VSP等多种方法的精细标定,确定受多次波影响的纵向层段;最后再结合不同频段数据体对多次波与一次波在频率和能量上的差别进行识别,确定多次波的地震响应特征。在此基础上,建立了“四定法”多次波识别体系。在准噶尔盆地阜中和玛湖地区的实际应用结果表明,新资料地层结构、产状等与钻井吻合率较高,砂体尖灭及叠置关系清楚。该多次波识别体系能有效识别不同多次波发育特征,为多次波压制提供重要依据,大大提高了资料保真度。
In the middle and deep oil and gas exploration in the Junggar Basin,the imaging quality of seismic data is seriously affected by multiple waves caused by strong impedance interface.Because of the small difference between multiple waves and primary waves and the unclear periodic characteristics of multiple waves due to multi-source superposition,it is difficult to distinguish between primary waves and multiple waves during data processing.Thus,accurate recognition of multiple waves is a prerequisite for multiple wave suppression.In this paper,the reflection coefficient,vertical seismic profile(VSP)calibration,and forward modeling results are first analyzed to determine the source of multiple waves.Then,the plane zone of multiple wave development is determined by making clear the characteristics of source plane distribution through well-seismic combination.Furthermore,the longitudinal segments affected by multiple waves are determined by precise calibration using synthetic recording,VSP,and other methods.At last,the differences in frequency and energy between multiple waves and primary waves are identified using data volumes of different frequency bands,and the seismic response characteristics of multiple waves are determined.On this basis,a multiple wave recognition system based on the“four determination”method is established.The practical application results in Fuzhong and Mahu areas of the Junggar Basin show that the formation structure and occurrence of the new data have high coincidence rates with well drilling,and the relationship between sand pinchout and overlaying is clear.The multiwave recognition system can effectively identify the development characteristics of different multiple waves,providing an important basis for multiple wave suppression and greatly improving data fidelity.
作者
林煜
苗金鹏
刘啸虎
刘超威
朱峰
康晓宁
LIN Yu;MIAO Jinpeng;LIU Xiaohu;LIU Chaowei;ZHU Feng;KANG Xiaoning(Urumqi Branch,Geophysical Research Institute,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830016,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay,Xinjiang 834000,China)
出处
《石油地球物理勘探》
北大核心
2025年第3期689-699,共11页
Oil Geophysical Prospecting
基金
中国石油集团油气和新能源分公司项目“风险勘探领域和目标研究、工程技术攻关及现场试验―新区新领域综合研究”(2023YQX10111)资助。
关键词
多次波
正演模拟
平面区带
地震响应
资料保真度
multiple waves
forward modeling
plane zone
seismic response
data fidelity
