摘要
古冰川地貌是研究第四纪环境演变的重要依据,无人机LiDAR技术的高精度数据使得古冰川地貌研究具有更高的分辨率,可显著提升古冰川地貌分析、冰川地貌制图的精度。青藏高原东南部的稻城古冰帽保存了大量古冰川遗迹,是研究冰川地貌的理想区域。本研究应用无人机LiDAR技术,对稻城古冰帽南缘的库照日地区槽谷出口的冰碛垄进行航测,获得库照日冰碛垄的数字高程模型(DEM)、数字正射影像(DOM)和三维点云数据,并进一步对比12.5 m、30 m分辨率的DEM成像效果,分析库照日冰碛垄的地形特征、库照日槽谷出口冰碛垄围成谷地的形态参数等。结果表明:①无人机LiDAR技术能快速获得高质量、高分辨率的数据,适用于小区域、地貌较复杂的地区,结合三维模型可提高对冰碛垄地貌形态的认识;②对库照日冰碛垄的地形特征统计可知,最内侧的K-M1垄拥有第二高的坡度平均值,K-M6垄作为独立垄拥有最大的坡度平均值;③库照日槽谷出口冰碛垄围成谷地的幂函数指数b值范围为0.24至0.54,小于多数槽谷的b值;V指数结果范围为0.52~0.69。本研究为基于无人机LiDAR技术的冰川地貌定量分析提供了较好的研究案例。
Paleo-glacial landforms serves as an important carrier for understanding Quaternary environmental evolution.The high-precision data from unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)LiDAR technology allows for studying paleo-glacial landforms with higher resolution,which can significantly improve the precision of paleo-glacial landforms analysis and mapping of glacial landforms.Located on the southeastern edge of the Qinghai—Xizang Plateau,western Sichuan Province,the paleo-Daocheng ice cap preserves rich ancient glacial remains,making it an ideal area for studying glacial geomorphology.In this study,UAV LiDAR technology was applied to conduct aerial surveys of the moraines at the outlet of a glacial valley in Kuzhaori area,located at the the southern edge of the paleo-Daocheng ice cap.The survey yielded digital elevation model(DEM),digital orthophoto map(DOM),and 3D point cloud data of the Kuzhaori moraines.Furthermore,the DEM imaging effects with resolutions of 12.5 m and 30 m were compared,and the morphological features of the Kuzhaori moraines,as well as the morphological parameters of the valley enclosed by the moraines at the glacial valley outlet,were analyzed.The results indicate that:①UAV LiDAR technology can rapidly acquire high-quality,high-resolution data suitable for small areas and complex terrain.Combined with the three-dimensional model,it can improve the understanding of moraines,glacial troughs and valleys geomorphological morphology;②Statistical analysis of topographic features of moraines at Kuzhaori reveal that innermost K-Moraine1 has the second highest average slope,while the K-Moraine6,as an independent moraine,has the highest average slope;③The power function exponent b values of the valley enclosed by the moraines at the Kuzhaori glacial valley outlet range from 0.24~0.54,which is lower than those observed in most glacial valleys;V-index results range from 0.52~0.69.This study provides a good research case for quantitative analysis of glacial geomorphology based on UAV LiDAR technology.
作者
李奕曼
张志刚
张宏
郭飞
赵丹
卢楠心
张红梅
LI Yiman;ZHANG Zhigang;ZHANG Hong;GUO Fei;ZHAO Dan;LU Nanxin;ZHANG Hongmei(School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,210023)
出处
《地质论评》
北大核心
2025年第4期1390-1402,共13页
Geological Review
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:41971009)的成果。
