摘要
历代庄学研究普遍关注到庄子对人类社会的深刻洞见,但对于庄子提出了怎样的处世之道以应对人世的繁杂,学界迄今仍缺乏普遍的共识。有鉴于此,结合内篇的整体语境深入剖析《庄子·德充符》“兀者叔山无趾踵见仲尼”章将有助于进一步厘清庄子的处世态度与方法,并解决相关学术分歧。经分析,庄子不仅在应对社会事务方面持积极主动的立场,且提出了以“顺人而不失己”为核心的具体措施来规范和引导世人的行为。根据“顺人而不失己”的要求,在人际交往中,参与互动的各方均应站在他人的立场思考自身行为的合理性,并应在不违背他人意愿的前提下,以“和不欲出”的方式推广该行为准则。
Previous studies on Zhuangzi's thought have generally acknowledged Zhuangzi's profound insights into human society,yet there remains a lack of scholarly consensus regarding the specific social conduct Zhuangzi proposed to address worldly complexities.An analysis of the story of Shushan the Toeless from the De Chong Fu(Sign of Virtue Complete)chapter of the Zhuangzi,situated within the broader context of the Inner Chapters,facilitates a clarification of Zhuangzi's attitude and method toward social engagement and helps resolve related scholarly divergences.The analysis shows that Zhuangzi not only maintained a proactive stance in addressing social affairs,but also advocated the principle of"conforming to others without losing oneself"to guide human behavior.According to this principle,all parties in social interactions should evaluate the appropriateness of their actions through empathetic perspectives,while promoting the norm in the manner of"harmonious non-imposition,"without violating others'will.
出处
《哲学研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期91-103,174,共14页
Philosophical Research
