摘要
准确辨识作物蒸散的变化特征及其影响因素对现代农业水资源管理和调控具有重要意义。以内蒙古黄河流域青贮玉米为研究对象,基于涡动相关法测量的水汽通量和环境因子的连续监测数据,分析了青贮玉米蒸散的年内变化特征,并通过Pearson相关分析和方差分解方法确定了影响蒸散的主要因素。结果表明:在膜下滴灌条件下,青贮玉米的潜热通量年内变化呈现出先增后减的单峰型特征,在7月达到峰值;而显热通量年内变化较为稳定,且与潜热通量无显著相关性;监测期内,基于潜热通量计算的实际蒸散与Hargreaves公式估算的潜在蒸散之间存在显著正相关关系,根据该关系推算出的生长季青贮玉米蒸散量为428.8 mm,接近于灌溉和降水量之和(399.8 mm);蒸散与太阳辐射和气温呈显著正相关,与相对湿度呈显著负相关,而与风速和水汽压差之间存在非线性关系;环境因子能够解释蒸散年内变化的74.3%。综上所述,膜下滴灌改变了青贮玉米地表能量分配模式,有效降低了蒸散,从而实现了水资源的高效利用。
Accurately identifying the variation characteristics and influencing factors of evapotranspiration(ET)is crucial for agricultural water resources management and regulation.Based on the water vapor flux obtained by eddy covariance method and the monitoring data of environmental factors in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin,we analyzed the annual variation characteristics of ET of silage maize,and identified the influencing factors using Pearson correlation analysis and variance partitioning analysis.The results showed that the latent heat flux of silage maize using drip irrigation under film mulch presented a clear single-peak pattern,which increased first then decreased,peaking in July.In contrast,sensible heat flux was relatively stable within the year,showing insignificant correlation with latent heat flux.The actual ET calculated by latent heat flux during the monitoring period showed a significant positive correlation with the potential ET estimated by Hargreaves equation.Based on it,the estimated ET for silage maize was 428.8 mm during the growing season,which is comparable to the sum of irrigation and precipitation(399.8 mm).Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that ET was significantly positively correlated with solar radiation and air temperature,and significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity,but it exhibited a nonlinear relationship with wind speed and vapor pressure deficit.Environmental factors accounted for 74.3%of the variation of ET,according to variance partitioning analysis.In conclusion,drip irrigation under film mulch can effectively reduce crop ET and improve water resources utilization of silage maize by altering the surface energy allocation.
作者
鱼腾飞
韩拓
冯起
魏旭斌
殷一丹
马孝义
YU Tengfei;HAN Tuo;FENG Qi;WEI Xubin;YIN Yidan;MA Xiaoyi(State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Alax Desert Eco-Hydrological Experimental Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory for Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期189-198,共10页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023JBGS000801、2023JBGS000802)。
关键词
蒸散
作物系数
体积含水量
青贮玉米
黄河流域
内蒙古
evapotranspiration(ET)
crop coefficient
volumetric water content
silage maize
the Yellow River Basin
Inner Mongolia
