摘要
人工湿地作为一种自然处理系统,在处理污水厂尾水方面发挥着重要作用,但碳源和溶解氧含量是限制其净化效率的主要因素。为探讨不同材料对人工湿地性能的影响,构建了两种典型生物炭(果壳炭、椰壳炭)人工湿地,以砾石作为对照组,通过三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)和冗余分析(RDA)评估其性能。结果表明:曝气强化后砾石、椰壳炭和果壳炭人工湿地系统对总氮(TN)的去除率分别为65.7%、89.3%和93.5%,各系统的总氮去除效率分别提高了15.2%、16.8%和9.6%;果壳炭人工湿地中腐殖酸类物质含量显著增加,且微生物生长繁殖最为活跃;变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是脱氮硝化与反硝化过程中的优势菌群,其相对丰度为26.46%~48.18%,此外,硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)(0.83%~2.27%)、Ellin 6067属(3.72%~6.18%)及丛毛单胞菌属(Comamonadaceae)(1.32%~3.13%)等在生物炭人工湿地中相对丰度明显提高,这些菌属与脱氮除磷及有机物去除密切相关;在果壳炭人工湿地内,污染物尤其是TN的去除效率与Nitrospira、Ellin6067属等硝化反硝化菌属呈现出较强的正相关性。
As a natural water treatment system,constructed wetlands play an important role in the treatment of effluent from sewage plants,but their purification efficiency is often limited by carbon source availability and dissolved oxygen(DO)levels.To investigate the impact of different adsorption materials on wetland performance,two types of biochar-based constructed wetlands(fruit-shell biochar and coconut-shell biochar)were established,with a gravel-based system serving as the control.The performance of the wetlands were evaluated by the three-dimensional excitation-emission-matrix spectra(3D-EEM)and redundancy analysis(RDA).The results showed that after aeration enhancement the total nitrogen(TN)removal efficiencies of the gravel,coconut-shell biochar,and fruit-shell biochar systems reached 65.7%,89.3%,and 93.5%,demonstrating an increase of 15.2%,16.8%,and 9.6%,respectively.The fruit-shell biochar system exhibited a significant increase in humic acid-like substances and the most active microbial growth.Proteobacteria emerged as the dominant phylum in nitrification and denitrification processes,with a relative abundance of 26.46%-48.18%.Additionally,key functional genera such as Nitrospira(0.83%-2.27%),Ellin 6067(3.72%-6.18%),and Comamonadaceae(1.32%-3.13%)showed notably higher abundances in the biochar-enhanced wetlands,playing crucial roles in nitrogen/phosphorus removal and organic matter degradation.Besides,in the fruit-shell biochar system,TN removal efficiency demonstrated a strong positive correlation with nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria,particularly Nitrospira and Ellin 6067.
作者
李川
徐元
黄圣琳
杨晶涵
侯文静
陈浩强
许明
LI Chuan;XU Yuan;HUANG Shenglin;YANG Jinghan;HOU Wenjing;CHEN Haoqiang;XU Ming(CCCC Shanghai Waterway Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期45-54,共10页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
大型人工湿地水质稳定达标和深度净化工艺研究项目(SHJKJ-2022-007)。
关键词
生物炭
人工湿地
曝气
冗余分析
微生物测序
污水厂尾水
biochar
constructed wetland
aeration
redundancy analysis(RDA)
microbial sequencing
effluent from sewage plant
