摘要
构建科技创新和高技术产业创新深度融合评价指标体系,运用耦合协调度模型测度2012—2022年中国内地30个省份科技创新和高技术产业创新耦合协调发展水平,采用Dagum基尼系数、Moran′s I、空间马尔科夫链方法分析其时空分异与演化趋势,利用CatBoost算法识别耦合协调度驱动因素。研究发现:(1)我国科技创新和高技术产业创新耦合协调水平逐年提升,整体上由轻度失调状态跃升为初级协调状态。华东、华南与华中地区达到初级协调,其余地区处于失调状态,耦合协调度较好省份基本分布在沿海地区,各省份之间耦合协调度变化存在明显的“马太效应”。(2)耦合协调度地区差距呈扩大趋势。各区域内部差距相对较小,各区域之间不均衡是导致耦合协调水平差距扩大的主要原因。(3)耦合协调度空间关联性持续强化,耦合协调度类型演化具有明显的路径依赖性,邻域耦合协调水平越高,其对本区域的正向溢出效应越显著。(4)高技术产业创新系统对耦合协调度的驱动作用比科技创新系统更强,其中高技术企业新产品开发经费支出是最主要驱动因素,商业化子系统发挥显著作用,研发经费与人员投入相关指标重要性占比较高。据此,提出推动我国科技创新和高技术产业创新深度融合的政策建议。
The deep integration of technological innovation and high-tech industry innovation is crucial for achieving a high level of technological self-reliance.It also helps secure a competitive edge in international technology.However,the current integration in China faces several challenges,including a disconnect between fundamental and applied research,and difficulties in commercializing research outcomes.Therefore,exploring practical pathways to resolve existing issues and promote deeper integration,grounded in the intrinsic patterns and developmental realities of these innovations,is of significant importance.Current studies have begun to explore the theoretical aspects of the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation,yet they have not adequately addressed the importance of their mutual promotion or provided a clear explanation of their integration mechanisms.Additionally,the current levels of integration across different regions remain unclear,and there is a lack of in-depth exploration into the characteristics and driving factors of this integration.This paper aims to elucidate the coupling mechanisms of technological innovation and high-tech industry innovation.Based on data from 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2022,a coupling coordination model is employed to measure the real levels of integration in various regions.Using the Dagum Gini coefficient,Moran's I,and spatial Markov chain method,the study reveals the spatiotemporal evolution patterns,distribution characteristics,and regional disparities.Subsequently,the CatBoost algorithm is utilized to analyze the importance proportions of the driving factors behind the coupling coordination degree.The research reveals the following key findings:Firstly,the coupling coordination level of scientific and technological innovation and high-tech industrial innovation in China has been escalating year by year.On the whole,it has ascended from a state of mild imbalance to a primary coordination state.The eastern,southern and central China have reached the primary coordination state,while the remaining regions still remain in an imbalanced state.The provinces with better coupling coordination degree are primarily distributed in the coastal areas,and there exists a notable"Matthew effect"in the changes of coupling coordination degree among provinces.Secondly,the regional gap in coupling coordination degree is trending towards expansion.The intra-regional disparities are relatively small,and the imbalance among regions is the principal cause for the existence and widening of the gap in coupling coordination levels.Thirdly,the spatial correlation and agglomeration effect of coupling coordination degree have been continuously intensified.The evolution of coupling coordination degree types exhibits obvious path dependence,and the higher the coupling coordination level of the neighboring areas,the stronger the positive spillover effect on the local area.Fourthly,the high-tech industrial innovation system exerts a stronger driving force on the coupling coordination degree than the scientific and technological innovation system.Among them,the expenditure on new product development by high-tech enterprises is the most crucial driving factor,the commercialization subsystem plays the most significant role,and the characteristic importance of indicators related to R&D expenditure and personnel input accounts for a relatively high proportion.Finally,the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed:First,in response to the low level of integration between scientific and technological innovation and high-tech industrial innovation in China,it is necessary to improve the dynamic matching and collaborative system of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation to facilitate effective integration from research to industrialization.Second,against the intensifying imbalance in regional innovation and integrated development,it is essential to promote regional coordinated development of the integration of scientific and technological innovation and high-tech industrial innovation,and strengthen the cross-regional integration of innovative resources.Third,given the important role of enterprises'R&D investment,new product development,and technology transfer capabilities in innovation integration,it is critical to focus on cultivating the independent research and development capabilities of high-tech industries and strengthening the dominant position of enterprises in innovation.Fourth,it is important to improve the market-oriented transformation mechanism for research and development technology achievements and build a full-chain market transformation ecosystem.
作者
赵放
张淼
蒋国梁
徐熠
Zhao Fang;Zhang Miao;Jiang Guoliang;Xu Yi(Centre for China Public Sector Economy Research,Jilin University;School of Economics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《科技进步与对策》
北大核心
2025年第13期71-84,共14页
Science & Technology Progress and Policy
基金
吉林大学哲学社会科学创新团队青年项目(2023QNTD03)。
关键词
科技创新
产业创新
高技术产业
耦合协调
Scientific and Technological Innovation
Industrial Innovation
High-tech Industry
Coupling Coordination
