摘要
城市规划专业的城市史课程知识点时空跨度大且条目纷杂。通过教学实践及学生反馈发现,仅依靠现行教材以编年史为主线的教学结构,不足以使学生对古今中外的知识形成系统性认识,也难以使学生立体地把握城市史的发展脉络,将城市史知识与当下城市设计实践有效融合。为解决这些问题,提出构建城市史课程的知识体系。参考《中国建筑史》教材以编年史为经、以建筑功能类型为纬的结构框架,在城市史教学中加入以城市类型为轴的横向框架,对不同时代、不同地域的城市进行分类及比较,并进一步分析中外经典城市研究中的各种城市类型的特征及适宜的融入形式,包括城市的时代类型、形态类型、地理类型、人口规模类型和职能类型,形成综合多种分类方法、各取其长的“城市类型知识体系”。城市的时代类型是知识体系构建的基础;城市的形态类型及地理类型适宜作为知识体系的主轴;城市的人口规模类型适宜放入绪论部分;城市的职能类型适宜与具体的城市实例教学结合。将此知识体系应用于城市史课程教学实践,取得了初步效果。
The urban history courses contain a lot of detailed knowledge within a huge spatial and temporal span,thus relying on the chronicle-based structure of the current textbook alone is not enough to enable students to form a systematic knowledge system,grasp the development of urban history deeply,and connect historical knowledge with current design needs.To address these issues,this paper proposes to develop a knowledge system for urban history courses.With reference to the system framework of the textbook A History of Chinese Architecture,which takes chronicles and building function types as its two axes,this paper proposes to add an axis of city types in the teaching structure of urban history,classifying and comparing cities of different eras and regions.This paper then analyzes the characteristics of various city types in important urban studies at home and abroad,as well as the methods of integrating them into the knowledge system.These city types include the types of cities based on time,morphology,geography,population size and function.Various city types should be integrated according to their respective characteristics to form a city type knowledge system that takes into account the advantages of each.The type based on time is the basis of the knowledge system.The types based on morphology and geography are suitable as the axes of the knowledge system.The type based on population size is suitable for the introduction of the course.And the type of function is suitable to be applied in case-based teaching of specific cities.The application of this knowledge system in the teaching practice of urban history courses has achieved preliminary results.
作者
赵齐
ZHAO Qi(School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518055,P.R.China)
出处
《高等建筑教育》
2025年第4期104-111,共8页
Journal of Architectural Education in Institutions of Higher Learning
关键词
城市史
城市发展与规划史
城市类型
城市分类
知识体系
urban history
history of city development and planning
city classification
city types
knowledge system
