摘要
目的分析太原市2141名青春期女性月经初潮年龄及影响初潮的相关因素。方法通过横断面整群抽样调查方法,选取2024年6—10月太原市年龄在10~19岁2141名在校月经已经初潮的女生进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析初潮年龄的相关因素。结果太原市青春期(10~19岁)女生月经初潮平均年龄为(11.91±1.05)岁;随着体质量指数的增加、喝牛奶频率的增大、父母文化程度的增高、焦虑抑郁程度的加重,初潮年龄均呈提前趋势(P<0.05);随着体育锻炼时间增多、看电子产品时间增多、化妆品使用频率增高,初潮年龄呈现逐步推迟趋势(P<0.05)。采用多元线性回归分析显示,月经初潮年龄的影响因素包括体质量指数(P<0.001)、父母亲文化程度(P<0.001)、每天看电子产品时长(P<0.001)、体育锻炼频率(P<0.001)、喝牛奶频率(P=0.002)、焦虑抑郁(P=0.002),其中体质量指数对月经初潮的影响最大,其他因素由大到小依次是父母亲文化程度、每天看电子产品时长、体育锻炼频率、喝牛奶频率、焦虑抑郁。结论太原市青春期(10~19岁)女生月经初潮年龄有明显提前趋势,故应关注中小学生的健康教育。
Objective:To analyze the age and related factors of menarche in 2141 adolescent females in Taiyuan City.Methods:Through the cross-sectional cluster sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted in 2141 female students who were 10-19 years old and attained menarche in Taiyuan City from June to October 2024.The factors related to the age of menarche were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results:The average age of menarche in adolescent girls of Taiyuan City was(11.91±1.05)years old.With the increase in body mass index,the frequency of milk consumption,and the educational level of parents,as well as the aggravation of anxiety and depression,the trend of the earlier age of menarche was found,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase in the duration of physical exercise and using electronic products,and the frequency of cosmetic use,the age of menarche showed a gradually delayed trend,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that body mass index had the greatest impact on menarche(P<0.001),followed by the educational level of parents(P<0.001),daily time spent on electronic products(P<0.001),frequency of physical exercise(P<0.001),frequency of milk consumption(P=0.002),and anxiety and depression(P=0.002)in descending order.Conclusions:In Taiyuan,the age of menarche of adolescent girls(10 to 19 years old)is obviously advanced,so the health education of primary and secondary school students should be paid attention to.
作者
李艳
姚宇红
史晓芸
乔文雅
贾晋
李佳茜
柏姗姗
LI Yan;YAO Yu-hong;SHI Xiao-yun;QIAO Wen-ya;JIA Jin;LI Jia-xi;BAI Shan-shan(Taiyuan Maternal&Child Health Hospital,Taiyuan 030024)
出处
《生殖医学杂志》
2025年第7期911-918,共8页
Journal of Reproductive Medicine
基金
山西省大健康产业高质量发展科研专项课题(DJKZXKT2023071)。
关键词
太原市
月经初潮
青春期
女生
Taiyuan City
Menarche
Adolescence
Schoolgirl
