摘要
避暑/避寒气候作为一种公共福利资源,不仅是人居环境和人类活动的基础性条件,还对建筑设计、人体健康和旅游发展等具有深远影响。在全球气候变化加剧、旅游模式转向休闲度假的当下,舒适宜人的避暑/避寒地日益成为影响旅游产业供需均衡的关键力量。鉴于传统避暑/避寒地测评方法在气象数据时间粒度及舒适性评价表征指标上的局限,文章通过科学界定气候舒适性评价中舒适度-舒适期-舒适域的测度体系与概念关系,基于1991—2020年全国744个基本(基准)气象站点的日值气象数据,采用温湿指数和风效指数计算舒适度进而核算舒适期,并将舒适期的概率值限定和区位熵分级等方法进行创新组合,从而实现避暑/避寒舒适域的定量判别。研究结果表明,避暑-不避寒型气候主要集中在青藏高原北缘-秦岭-淮河一线以北,以及云南及其周边区域,具有很强的广域性;避寒-不避暑型气候主要集中在低纬度的海南、广东和云南等地区,具有较强的稀缺性;避暑-避寒型气候在温湿指数测度中并未出现,而在风效指数测度中则主要集中在云南西南部,具有高度的稀缺性;不避暑-不避寒型气候面积广大,广泛分布在我国人口密度大的地势第三级阶梯,对区域外形成了很强的避暑-避寒潜在需求。研究基于日值数据提出的舒适性概念体系与组合判别方法,为避暑-避寒地空间划分提供了一种理论和定量分析框架,对我国度假旅游地宏观布局、地方气候旅游品牌打造和季节性旅游流调控等具有积极启示意义。
Summer-escape and winter-escape resorts,built on public resources and infrastructure,have substantial implications for human health and tourism development.They are further crucial in balancing tourism supply and demand,especially in light of climate change and report-centric tourism trends.Due to the limitations of traditional evaluation methods in terms of the temporal precision of meteorological data and comprehensive comfort representation,this study employed a robust evaluation framework for climatic comfort based on comfort level,comfort period,and comfort zone.By analysing daily data from 744 key meteorological stations across China spanning from 1991 to 2020,we calculated comfort levels using the temperature-humidity index(THI)and wind effect index(WEI).This allowed us to determine the comfort periods.A novel blend of probability thresholding and location quotient classification is used to quantitatively identify climatic comfort zones suitable for both summer-escape and winter-escape.Research findings indicate that climates characterised by summerescape,but not winter-escape,are predominantly found north of the northern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,along the Qinling-Huaihe River line,and in Yunnan and its neighbouring regions.These regions exhibit significant expansiveness.Climates characterised by winter-escape but not summer-escape are primarily found in low-latitude regions,such as Hainan,Guangdong,and Yunnan,where scarcity is relatively high.Climates that exhibit both summer-escape and winter-escape do not feature in the temperature humidity index(THI)measurement.However,according to the wind effect index(WEI)measurement,these climates are primarily concentrated in southwestern Yunnan,indicating a high level of scarcity.Climates characterised by neither summer-escape nor winter-escape span a vast area and are particularly prevalent in third-tier terrains with high population density in China.This region generates significant demand for both summer-escape and winter-escape beyond its borders.This study presents a conceptual framework and integrated discrimination methodology grounded in daily data.These methods provide a theoretical and quantitative basis for delineating spatial distributions of summer-escape and winter-escape destinations.This research has substantial implications for the strategic planning of resorts,the promotion of climate-based tourism,and the management of seasonal tourist flows in China.
作者
蔚丹丹
李山
罗轶
许嫣妍
YU Dandan;LI Shan;LUO Yi;XU Yanyan(School of Economics and Management,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Key Laboratory of Spatial-Temporal Big Data Analysis and Application of Natural Resources in Mega Cities,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
北大核心
2025年第7期103-121,共19页
Tourism Tribune
关键词
气候舒适性
气候舒适期
气候舒适域
旅游气候区划
旅游度假区
climatic comfort
climatic comfort period
climatic comfort zone
tourist climatic zoning
tourist resorts
