摘要
针对汽车车身前纵梁进行结构分析,参考正面碰撞仿真分析材料性能定义,获取影响分析结果的主要因素;选取两种强度相同而其他性能存在差异的材料进行对比分析,包括力学性能、扩孔性能等;基于极限冷弯角测试,对比两种材料的弯曲性能,并对材料组织裂纹扩展进行对比分析;基于落锤压溃测试,选取两种不同尺寸的帽形截面梁试样进行对比分析,获取试样吸能和贯穿裂纹扩展的差异,以此对比分析获取影响前纵梁变形和承载吸能特性的影响因素。分析结果可知:极限冷弯和扩孔性能等局部变形能力强的材料,在两种截面形式下,能量吸收分别提升了4.38%和10.06%,表现出良好的碰撞吸能特性;局部变形能力更强的材料在落锤压溃时贯穿裂纹总长度最大值接近110mm,远低于普通材料的420mm,在碰撞时的压溃变形方面具有明显的优势;相同材料性能下,截面尺寸二从能量吸收和裂纹长度方面均优于截面尺寸一;分析结果为前纵梁选材和结构优化设计提供参考。
The structural analysis of the front longitudinal beam of the automobile body was carried out,and the main factors af⁃fecting the analysis results were obtained by referring to the definition of material performance in frontal collision simulation analysis.Two kinds of materials with the same strength but different other properties were selected for comparative analysis,in⁃cluding mechanical properties,hole expansion properties,et al.Based on the limit cold bending angle test,the bending properties of the two materials were compared,and the crack propagation of the material was compared and analyzed.Based on the drop hammer crushing test,two kinds of hat-shaped cross-section beam samples with different sizes were selected for comparative anal⁃ysis to obtain the difference between the energy absorption and crack propagation of the sample,and the influencing factors affect⁃ing the deformation and bearing energy absorption characteristics of the front longitudinal beam were obtained by comparative analysis.The analysis results show that:the energy absorption of materials with strong local deformation ability such as ultimate cold bending and hole expansion performance is increased by 4.38%and 10.06%respectively under the two cross-section forms,showing good collision energy absorption characteristics.The maximum total crack length of the material with stronger local de⁃formation ability is close to 110mm,which is much lower than 420mm of ordinary material,and has obvious advantages in the crushing deformation during collision.Under the same material properties,the section size two is superior to the section size one in terms of energy absorption and crack length.The analysis results provide reference for the material selection and structural optimi⁃zation design of the front longitudinal beam.
作者
王康
王爽
杨云
张婕姝
WANG Kang;WANG Shuang;YANG Yun;ZHANG Jieshu(Faculty of Engineering,Huanghe Science&Technology College,He’nan Zhengzhou 450006,China)
出处
《机械设计与制造》
北大核心
2025年第7期226-229,237,共5页
Machinery Design & Manufacture
基金
河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(23A460025)。
关键词
车身
前纵梁
落锤压溃
承载
吸能
裂纹
Carbody
Front Longitudinal Beam
Drop Hammer Crushing Test
Bearing
Energy Absorption
Cracks
