摘要
受特殊的地理、气候影响,西安市水资源相对缺乏,但每年有大量降水资源流失,严重降低了有效涵养能力。了解水源涵养功能的变化趋势及影响因子对西安市突破水资源困境、提升生态安全十分重要。为此,本研究利用InVEST模型分析了2010和2020年西安市区范围的水源涵养量空间特征与变化趋势,同时结合FLUS模型分别预测了2030年自然发展情景和生态保护情景下土地水源涵养量。结果表明:1)FLUS模型OA值为0.91,Kappa系数为0.87,模型精度较高,对西安市具有很好的适用性。2)2010—2020年,城乡生态绿地空间以48.97%~49.03%的面积实现了全市71.93%~73.67%的水源涵养量,在所有用地类型中对西安市土地整体的水源涵养功能影响最大。北部平原区城乡生态绿地空间占比为2.99%~3.13%,南部山区面积占比为83.18%~83.46%,城乡生态绿地空间占比的差异导致了西安市水源涵养量在空间上呈现出“北低南高”的特征。3)2010—2020年西安市土地水源涵养量下降了4.23亿m^(3),城乡生态绿地空间中林地面积减少了38.94 km^(2),草地面积增加了20.19 km^(2),对水源涵养量的减少有67.15%的贡献。4)自然变化情景下,全市2030年水源涵养总量增加5.25亿m^(3),但生态保护情景下水源涵养总量将额外增加700万m^(3),同时林地、草地、水体面积的占比得到提升,不透水表面的扩张速度得到抑制。研究对西安市制定合理的城乡生态绿地空间规划策略以及解决与水资源相关的生态问题具有参考价值。
Due to specific geographical and climatic factors,Xi’an faces relative scarcity of water resources,with a considerable amount of precipitation resources being inefficiently conserved and consequently lost each year.Understanding the trends in the functionality of water conservation and its influencing factor is crucial for Xi’an to overcome water resource challenges and enhance ecological security.To address this,the present study utilized the InVEST model to assess the spatial characteristics of water conservation in the urban area for the years 2010 and 2020,analyzing the trends in variation.Additionally,the FLUS model was employed to predict land water conservation for the year 2030 under both natural development and ecological conservation scenarios,with subsequent analysis.The results indicate the following:Firstly,the FLUS model demonstrated high accuracy with an OA value of 0.91 and a Kappa coefficient of 0.87,showcasing its applicability to Xi’an.Secondly,from 2010 to 2020,urban and rural ecological green spaces,constituting 48.97%to 49.03%of the total area,contributed to 71.93%to 73.68%of the city’s water conservation,exerting the most significant impact among all land-use types.The disparity in urban and rural ecological green space orea proportions,with 2.99%to 3.13%in the northern plains and 83.18%to 83.46%in the southern mountainous region,resulted in a spatial pattern of water conservation characterized by“lower in the north,higher in the south”.Thirdly,during the period from 2010 to 2020,Xi’an experienced a decrease of 4.24 billion cubic meters in land water conservation,with a 67.15%contribution from the reduction in forest area by 38.94 km^(2) and an increase in grassland area by 20.19 km^(2).Lastly,under the natural development scenario,the total water conservation in 2030 increased by 5.25 billion cubic meters for the entire city,while under the ecological conservation scenario,an additional 7 million cubic meters were conserved.Simultaneously,the proportions of forest,grassland,and water bodies increased,restraining the expansion of impermeable surfaces.This research holds significance in providing valuable insights for Xi’an to formulate rational urban and rural ecological green space planning strategies to address water-related ecological issues.
作者
左翔
刘晖
ZUO Xiang;LIU Hui(School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期256-266,共11页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(5187080984)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-QN-0525)
陕西省社会科学基金项目(2023J002)
渭南市海绵城市建设专题研究服务项目(20230759)。
