摘要
镉(Cd)污染严重威胁农业生产,迫切需要有效的修复措施确保粮食安全。单一措施难以有效阻控水稻对镉的吸收和累积,故需采取多策略联合阻控。本研究通过盆栽试验,以生物炭(BC)和硅肥(Si)作为土壤改良剂,探讨其在连续淹水(CF)和干湿交替(AWD)水分管理条件下对稻田系统中镉迁移和转化的控制效果。结果表明,CF处理能提升土壤pH,促进硅转化,维持低氧化还原电位,降低土壤镉有效性,确保稻米质量安全。CF结合改良剂可有效控制镉含量,其中CF+BC处理增产效果显著。AWD处理虽能提高土壤氧化还原电位和有机质含量,却增加了土壤镉有效性,不利于阻控水稻对镉的吸收和富集。然而,AWD+Si处理能显著降低成熟期水稻各部位镉含量,减少稻米镉累积,并且水稻产量较CF处理提高。综上,水资源充足地区的长期淹水可有效降低稻米镉含量,但需注意减产风险,适时施用改良剂可提升产量;水资源紧张地区的干湿交替灌溉,建议配合改良剂施用以保障水稻安全生产。
Cadmium(Cd)contamination poses a severe threat to agricultural production,so effective remediation measures to ensure food security are urgently needed.Single remediation strategy is insufficient to effectively block the uptake and accumulation of Cd in rice.Therefore,a multi-strategy approach is required.In this study,pot experiments were conducted,using biochar(BC)and silicon fertilizer(Si)as soil amendments to explore their effectiveness in controlling Cd migration and transformation in paddy systems under continuous flooding(CF)and alternate wetting and drying(AWD)water management conditions.The results indicated that the CF treatment could increase soil pH and facilitate the transformation of silicon,and maintain a lower redox potential,thereby it could reduce soil Cd bioavailability and ensure the safety of rice grain quality.The combination of CF with amendments effectively controlled Cd content,and the CF+BC treatment showed a significant increase in yield.Although AWD treatment increased soil redox potential and organic matter content,it also increased soil Cd bioavailability,which was not conducive to the control of Cd uptake and accumulation in rice.However,the AWD+Si treatment significantly reduced Cd content in all parts of mature rice plants,decreased Cd accumulation in rice grains,and increased rice yield compared to the CF treatment.In summary,long-term flooding in regions with abundant water resources can effectively reduce grain Cd content,but it may carry a slight risk of yield reduction,which can be mitigated by timely application of amendments to enhance yield.In areas with limited water resources,it is recommended to apply amendments in conjunction with AWD to ensure the safe production of rice.
作者
陈剑珠
潘伯桂
杨丽雯
蔡一霞
蔡昆争
CHEN Jianzhu;PAN Bogui;YANG Liwen;CAI Yixia;CAI Kunzheng(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University/Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Remediation Materials,Guangzhou 510632,China)
出处
《江苏农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1147-1158,共12页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31870420)
广东省科技计划项目(2021A0505030057)。
关键词
镉
水稻
水分管理
生物炭
硅肥
安全生产
cadmium
rice
water management
biochar
silicon fertilizer
safe production
