摘要
非爆破岩连续开采是未来实现地下硬岩矿山开采安全、绿色、高效的重要手段和途径,本文总结了当前非爆破岩连续开采的研究现状,针对地下硬岩矿山主要有机械破岩和液态CO_(2)爆破破岩。与液态CO_(2)爆破破岩不同,本文提出了基于超临界CO_(2)射流破岩的非爆连续开采模式,利用超临界CO_(2)极佳的流动性和渗透性,在超高压条件下,入射到岩层中直接致裂破坏岩层,再利用超临界CO_(2)气化体积迅速膨胀,进一步扩大岩层致裂效果。理论上,这种破岩方式安全可控、绿色环保,且尚未运用在矿山开采领域,具有较高的创新性,但对超临界射流设备的研制要求较高。基于此,研究设计了超临界CO_(2)射流破岩设备及装配喷嘴的钻头,提出了适用不同开采条件下三种超临界CO_(2)射流硬岩破岩的连续开采工艺模式,并提出了未来亟待研究解决的问题并展望。
Non-explosive rock continuous mining is an important means and approach to achieve safe,green,and efficient underground hard rock mining in the future.This paper summarizes the current research status of non-explosive rock continuous mining,and mainly focuses on mechanical rock breaking and liquid CO_(2)blasting rock breaking for underground hard rock mines.Unlike liquid CO_(2)blasting for rock breaking,this paper proposes a non-explosive continuous mining mode based on supercritical CO_(2)jet rock breaking.Utilizing the excellent fluidity and permeability of supercritical CO_(2),under ultra-high pressure conditions,it directly fractures and destroys the rock layer when it is incident on it.Then,the gasification volume of supercritical CO_(2)rapidly expands,further expanding the fracturing effect of the rock layer.In theory,this rock breaking method is safe,controllable,environmentally friendly,and has not yet been applied in the field of mining.It has high innovation,but it requires high development of supercritical jet equipment.Based on this research,a supercritical CO_(2)jet rock breaking equipment and a drill bit equipped with nozzles are designed.Three continuous mining process modes for supercritical CO_(2)jet hard rock breaking under different mining conditions are proposed,and future problems that urgently need to be studied and solved are identified and discussed.
作者
陆玉根
肖益盖
杨家冕
罗润泽
王星
常剑
李同鹏
LU Yugen;XIAO Yigai;YANG Jiamian;LUO Runze;WANG Xing;CHANG Jian;LI Tongpeng(Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Maanshan 243000,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2025年第S1期418-422,共5页
China Mining Magazine
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“深部稀有金属超临界CO_(2)射流破岩连续智能绿色开采理论与技术”资助(编号:2021YFC2900400)。
关键词
超临界CO_(2)
射流破岩
地下硬岩矿山
非爆连续开采
supercritical CO_(2)
jet rock breaking
underground hard rock mine
non-explosive continuous mining
