摘要
面对我国铝土矿资源日益贫化、高品位铝土矿供应紧张的严峻形势,开发经济高效的低品位铝土矿脱硅技术迫在眉睫。本研究以河南某矿区铝硅比仅为2.71的高硅铝土矿为研究对象,采用“选择性磨矿—筛分—悬振分选”联合工艺处理。研究首先基于一水硬铝石与脉石矿物的可磨性差异,系统考察了磨矿方式、磨矿细度、筛分粒级、球磨机钢球填充率、钢球配比和磨矿浓度等关键参数对选择性磨矿效果的影响。结果表明:通过优化磨矿工艺参数,仅采用筛分处理即可获得铝硅比为7.86、回收率为20.60%的优质粗精矿;筛下产品经悬振锥面选矿机分选后,可获得铝硅比为6.42、回收率达33.03%的悬振精矿。全流程最终精矿铝硅比提升至6.90,综合脱硅效率达到78.61%。本研究不仅证实了悬振锥面选矿机在处理极低品位铝土矿方面的技术可行性,更重要的是开发出了一套完整的低品位铝土矿提质增效新工艺,为缓解我国优质铝土矿资源短缺问题提供了经济、高效、环保的技术解决方案,具有重要的工业应用价值。
Facing the severe situation of increasingly depleted bauxite resources and tight supply of high-grade bauxite in China,it is urgent to develop cost-effective desilication technologies for low-grade bauxite.This study focuses on high-silica bauxite with an Al/Si ratio of only 2.71 from a Henan mine,employing an innovative combined process of"selective grinding-screening-vibration separation".Based on the grindability differences between diaspore and gangue minerals,the research systematically investigated key parameters including grinding method,fineness,screening size,ball mill filling rate,steel ball ratio,and grinding concentration.The results demonstrate that:1)through optimized grinding parameters,screening alone can produce high-quality coarse concentrate with an Al/Si ratio of 7.86 and recovery rate of 20.60%;2)the undersize products processed by vibrating concentrator achieved refined concentrate with an Al/Si ratio of 6.42 and recovery rate of 33.03%;3)the final concentrate showed an improved Al/Si ratio of 6.90 with overall desilication efficiency reaching 78.61%.This study not only verifies the technical feasibility of vibrating concentrator in processing ultra-low-grade bauxite,but more importantly develops a complete new process for quality improvement of low-grade bauxite,providing an economical,efficient and environmentally friendly solution to alleviate China's shortage of high-quality bauxite resources,with significant industrial application value.
作者
郭明龙
杨波
封东霞
董梦
罗选旭
GUO Minglong;YANG Bo;FENG Dongxia;DONG Meng;LUO Xuanxu(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;National and Regional Engineering Research Center for Green Comprehensive Utilization of Tailings Resources from Metal Minerals,Kunming 650093,China;Kunming Science and Technology Kaijisi Technology Co.Ltd.,Kunming 650093,China)
出处
《矿冶》
2025年第3期415-422,共8页
Mining And Metallurgy
基金
云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目(KRD202221056)
高层次人才平台建设项目(KKKP201821024)。
关键词
铝土矿
脱硅
选择性磨矿
悬振锥面选矿机
铝硅比
bauxite
desilication
selective grinding
vibrating concentrator
Al/Si ratio
