摘要
利用在不同温度梯度培养的、能降解不同有机质的功能性菌株在堆肥不同时期的应用效果,探究在功能性菌剂作用下,好氧堆肥的实质变化、臭气排放量与堆肥理化性质之间的关系。在低温、中温、高温条件下,利用LB、PDA、各有机物筛选培养基,进行初筛、复筛,最终筛选出能够降解不同有机质的功能性菌株。通过菌株在筛选培养基反应圈直径/菌株直径比D/d大小,挑选出有机质降解能力较强的菌株,再通过拮抗反应测定是否具有菌株之间的拮抗作用,最终复配出最优菌剂搭配。结果表明,D/d>1.5,才能证明降解有机质能力较强,共筛选15株功能性菌株,命名为DR1~DR15。根据D/d、15菌株拮抗反应结果和多种有机质降解功能鉴定结果,最终选定DR3、DR6、DR12和DR13共4株具有有机质降解能力的功能性菌株制成菌液,得到复合菌剂DR。与对照处理相比,试验处理添加功能性菌剂后,NH_(3)排放量增加,加强了堆体的氨化反应;H_(2)S和VOCs排放量减少,较对照处理分别减少35%、40%。将复合菌剂DR应用于牛粪堆肥,可以有效减少堆肥试验中H_(2)S和VOCs排放,并且各指标均符合堆肥腐熟标准。
Using effects of functional bacteria application cultivated at different temperature gradients and can degrade different organic matter during different composting periods,relationship between substantial change in aerobic composting,odor emission,and composting physical and chemical properties under functional bacteria action was explored.At low,medium,and high temperatures,LB,PDA,and each organic matter screening medium were used to conduct primary and re-screening,and finally functional bacteria that could degrade different organic matter were screened out.Through its reaction circle diameter/strain diameter ratio(D/d)in screening medium,bacterias with stronger organic matter degradation ability were selected,and then through antagonistic reaction to determine whether there is antagonism between bacterias,and finally optimal mixture was combined.Results showed that D/d>1.5 could prove strong ability to degrade organic matter,and a total of 15 functional bacteria were screened,named DR1~DR15.With a combination of D/d value,antagonistic reaction results of 15 bacterias,and identification results of various organic matter degradation functions,DR3,DR6,DR12,and DR13 four functional bacterias with organic matter degradation ability were finally selected to make bacterial liquid to obtain compound bacterium DR.Compared with control group,when functional bacteria was added to test group,NH_(3) emissions increased,which enhanced compost ammonia reaction.H2S and VOCs emissions were decreased by 35%and 40%respectively,compared with control group.Application of DR to cattle manure composting could effectively reduce H_(2)S and VOCs emissions in composting process,and all indicators meet composting standards.
作者
杜蓉春
刘春燕
高宇晗
王向向
陈静宇
樊川
孟利强
DU Rongchun;LIU Chunyan;GAO Yuhan;WANG Xiangxiang;CHEN Jingyu;FAN Chuan;MENG Liqiang(Institute of Microbiology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin Heilongjiang 150010,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin Heilongjiang 150000,China)
出处
《农业工程》
2025年第6期76-83,共8页
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
基金
黑龙江省科学院双提雁阵特别计划领军人才项目(YZLJ2023SW01)。
关键词
堆肥
功能菌
筛选
复合菌剂
气体排放
牛粪
composting
functional bacterias
screening
compound bacterium
gas emission
cattle manure
