摘要
为确定新疆地区某规模化兔场幼兔呼吸困难、精神不振、腹泻以及糊肛,甚至死亡的发病原因,本研究对采集自该兔场的病死兔肺脏、肝脏等器官和肠道内容物进行病原菌的分离培养、形态学观察、生化鉴定和PCR鉴定,并通过毒力基因与耐药基因的检测以及小鼠致病性试验与药物敏感性试验分析其致病力和耐药性,以期为发病兔场提供科学合理的治疗方案。结果显示,从发病兔体内分离到1株革兰氏阴性短杆菌,该分离株对麦芽糖、枸橼酸盐、棉子糖等呈阳性,对硫化氢、蛋白胨水(靛基质试验)呈阴性;通过PCR鉴定并测序,确定该分离株为肺炎克雷伯菌;该分离株共携带sul1、blaTEM、blaSHV、TEM、aac(6')-Ib、aph(3')-Ia和tet(A)七种耐药基因和ompc、ompA、papc和fimH四种毒力基因;该分离菌对头孢他啶和丁胺卡那两种药物敏感,对庆大霉素、四环素等多种药物表现为耐药;通过小鼠致病性试验发现,死亡小鼠的肝脏与肺脏有肿大并伴有少量出血点,小肠出血肿大,表明该分离菌对小鼠具有一定的致病性。综上所述,引起该兔场幼兔发病并死亡的病原是肺炎克雷伯菌,本研究为预防和控制兔肺炎克雷伯菌病提供了参考。
To determine the pathogenic causes of respiratory distress,depression,diarrhea and anus paste,and even death in young rabbits of a large scale rabbit farm in Xinjiang,pathological examinations were conducted on the lungs,livers,and intestinal contents of deceased rabbits collected from the farm.The pathogens were isolated,cultured,observed morphologically,biochemically identified,and confirmed via PCR.In addition,virulence genes and resistance genes were tested,along with pathogenicity trials in mice and drug sensitivity testing to analyze pathogen virulence and drug resistance,aiming to provide a scientifically sound treatment plan for the affected rabbit farm.The results showed that a Gramnegative short bacillus strain was isolated from the morbid rabbit,which was positive for maltose,citrate and cotton candy,and negative for hydrogen sulphide and peptone water(indigo substrate test).PCR identification and sequencing confirmed the isolate as Klebsiella pneumoniae,which carried a total of seven resistance gens:sul1,blaTEM,blaSHV,TEM,aac(6')-Ib,aph(3')-Ia and tet(A),as well as four virulence genes:ompc,ompA,papc and fimH.The strain was found to be sensitive to ceftazidime and butamocarbamate,but resistant to gentamicin and tetracycline.Pathogenicity test in mice revealed that the livers and lungs of the deceased mice were enlarged and exhibited minimal haemorrhages,while the small intestines showed hemorrhagic swelling,indicating that the isolate strain has a certain level of pathogenicity in mice.In conclusion,the pathogen responsible for the morbidity and mortality of juvenile rabbits in this farm is Klebsiella pneumoniae.This study provides valuable references for the prevention and control of rabbit Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits.
作者
陈鑫
梁樊鑫
郝斌
刘淑华
黎双
李雪娇
候梦哲
李莲瑞
CHEN Xin;LIANG Fanxin;HAO Bin;LIU Shuhua;LI Shuang;LI Xuejiao;HOU Mengzhe;LI Lianrui(College of Life Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Tarim Key Laboratory of Animal Science and Technology Corps,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Tarim Animal Disease Diagnosis and Control Engineering Laboratory,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期85-91,共7页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关计划(2019AB029)。
关键词
兔
肺炎克雷伯菌
分离与鉴定
毒力基因
耐药基因
rabbit
Klebsiella pneumoniae
separation and identification
virulence genes
resistance genes
