摘要
通说将故意伤害致死与虐待致死的区别归结为两罪在基本犯层面的互斥关系。这虽保留了故意伤害罪在家庭暴力犯罪案件中的适用可能性,但也无形中限制了故意伤害罪的成立范围。应当放弃将两罪基础构成理解为互斥关系的解释预设,从结果归责的角度看待故意伤害致死与虐待致死的阶层关系。伤害致死是真正的结果加重犯,只有当死亡结果中实现了伤害结果所特有的致死危险、满足严格结果归责条件时方能成立。这种致死危险既可以来自一次性的严重暴力,也可以来自长期反复殴打的损伤累积。将逐渐累积形成伤害最终导致死亡的情形一律归为虐待致死并非理所当然。虐待致死则包含了通常的结果归责与缓和的结果归责两种情形。前者作为过失致人死亡罪的特殊法,在量刑时不应低于过失致人死亡罪的法定最低刑;后者则涵盖了引起被害人自杀、自残等并不成立过失致人死亡罪的情形,在量刑时可不受过失致人死亡罪法定最低刑的限制。
The prevailing view distinguishes intentional injury resulting in death from abuse resulting in death by characterizing the two offenses as mutually exclusive at the level of their basic structures.While this approach preserves the applicability of the crime of intentional injury in domestic violence ca-ses,it inadvertently narrows the scope of its establishment.It is necessary to abandon the interpretative presumption that treats the basic structures of the two offenses as mutually exclusive,and instead exam-ine the hierarchical relationship between intentional injury resulting in death and abuse resulting in death from the perspective of result-based attribution.Intentional injury resulting in death is a true result-ag-gravated offense,which can only be established when the fatal outcome is directly attributable to the par-ticular lethal danger inherent in the injurious act and meets the strict conditions for result attribution.This lethal danger may stem either from a single act of serious violence or from the cumulative effect of long-term repeated beatings.It is not self-evident that cases where accumulated injuries eventually lead to death must automatically be categorized as abuse resulting in death.Abuse resulting in death,by con-trast,encompasses both standard and mitigated forms of result attribution.The former,as a special of-fense relative to negligent homicide,should not receive a sentence lower than the statutory minimum for negligent homicide;the latter covers situations such as causing the victim to commit suicide or self-harm,where negligent homicide would not otherwise be established,and in such cases,sentencing may deviate from the statutory minimum set for negligent homicide.
出处
《中外法学》
北大核心
2025年第3期703-720,共18页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
2024年度国家社科基金青年项目“新型数字财产犯罪的结果归责机制研究”(项目编号:24CFX095)的阶段性成果。
关键词
虐待致死
故意伤害致死
严格的结果归责
缓和的结果归责
Abuse Resulting in Death
Intentional Injury Resulting in Death
Strict Imputation of Result
Ordinary Imputation of Result
