摘要
为探究桃杂交后代抗寒性的遗传倾向,从而为桃抗寒育种亲本选配以及后代植株抗寒性预测提供选择依据。以3个杂交组合亲本及后代群体为试验材料,连续3年采用田间调查法对其抗寒力进行统计,分析不同遗传背景下杂交后代的抗寒能力;同时利用差热分析系统(DTA)对极端抗寒组合(‘东合1号’ב21世纪’)F1代及亲本1年生休眠枝条进行低温放热(LTE)分析,测定枝条在低温处理下相对电导率、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、淀粉含量,利用隶属函数法对抗寒性进行综合评价,筛选出高抗寒单株。结果表明:3个杂交组合后代抗寒力平均值分别为1.99、2.37、3.11,均与母本抗寒力较接近,‘东合1号’ב21世纪’杂交后代抗寒力高于其他2个杂交组合;‘东合1号’ב21世纪’杂交后代抗寒力超过高值亲本‘东合1号’的有26株,超高亲率为18.6%;低于低值亲本‘21世纪’的有6株,超低亲率为4%,超高亲株率明显高于超低亲株率;本研究初步筛选出8株高抗寒单株,可为桃抗寒育种提供材料。综上,桃抗寒性具有母性遗传倾向,存在超亲遗传特点,并趋向抗性强的方向遗传,因此桃育种选配亲本时选择抗寒性强的品种作母本更有利于提高后代群体的抗寒性。
The inherited tendency of cold resistance in peach hybrid progeny was investigated to provide a genetic basis for parent selection in peach cold resistance breeding and cold resistance prediction in progeny plants.The freezing damage index of three peach hybrid populations and their parents were assessed under natural wintering conditions for three consecutive years.To further study the physiological change after cold stress and establish an evaluation method of cold resistance in peaches,the one-yearold dormant branches of a high-low cold-resistant combination F1 population‘Donghe No.1’x‘21st Century’and their parents were treated with low temperature,the relative electrical conductivity,soluble sugar content,free proline acid content,and starch content of the branches were measured.In addition,the branches'low temperature exotherm(LTE)was measured using a differential thermal analysis system(DTA).The cold resistance of each tested individual was evaluated by the comprehensive membership function method,and the high cold-resistant individuals were identified according to the results of the cold resistance evaluation.The results showed that the mean cold-resistances of the offspring of the three hybrid combinations were 1.99,2.37 and 3.11,respectively,close to the maternal cold-resistance.The cold resistance of the hybrid progeny of‘Donghe No.1’ב21st Century’was higher than that of the other two hybrid combinations.The cold resistance of the‘Donghe No.1’ב21st century’hybrid was higher than that of the high-value parent‘Donghe No.1’in 26 strains,and the high affinity rate was 18.6%.There were 6 points lower than the low parental‘21st Century’.The ultra-low parental rate was 4%,and the ultra-high parental rate was significantly higher than the ultra-low parental rate.2)Eight high cold-resistance individual plants were selected as materials for further cold-resistance breeding.In conclusion,the inherited tendency analysis of cold resistance in peaches indicated that the resistance to freezing injury in the hybrid population exhibits a maternal genetic tendency,demonstrating hyper-progenetic characteristics and a propensity for inheritance towards stronger cold resistance.Therefore,Selecting the higher coldresistance varieties as parents is more conducive to enhancing the cold resistance of future generations.
作者
田启航
李杰
田振东
王雨
王召元
刘国俭
常瑞丰
陈湖
李永红
TIAN Qihang;LI Jie;TIAN Zhendong;WANG Yu;WANG Zhaoyuan;LIU Guojian;CHANG Ruifeng;CHEN Hu;LI Yonghong(Changli Institute of Polomogy,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Changli 066600,China)
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期50-59,共10页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
河北省重点研发计划热杂果现代种业科技创新团队项目(21326310D)
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-30-Z-02)
河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费青年基金项目(2023020102)
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-CGS-6)
河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(HBCT2023130205)。
关键词
桃
抗寒性
遗传倾向
杂交后代
隶属函数
peach
cold resistance
inherited tendency
hybrid progeny
membership function
