摘要
耕作方式是影响土壤团聚体构成的重要农业措施,对土壤结构和有机碳(SOC)稳定性的影响意义重大。研究设置了稻麦旋耕(RT)和稻麦免耕(NT)2种模式,通过对比2 a后不同耕作方式间土壤团聚体有机碳构成和水溶性有机碳(WSOC)含量的差异,以揭示不同耕作方式下土壤水溶性有机碳和团聚体有机碳的变化。结果表明,稻麦免耕的土壤有机碳含量比稻麦旋耕高3.36%,水溶性有机碳含量及其占比分别较稻麦旋耕低16.91%和19.52%;稻麦免耕处理下>2 mm大团聚体占比最高,为54.48%,而稻麦旋耕处理下0.25~2.00 mm中间团聚体占比最高,为49.13%,稻麦旋耕和稻麦免耕的团聚体平均质量直径分别为1.07、1.49 mm,稻麦免耕处理的团聚体平均质量直径显著高于稻麦旋耕处理;稻麦免耕处理下>2 mm大团聚体有机碳占比最高,为57.84%,而稻麦旋耕处理下0.25~2.00 mm中间团聚体占比最高,为48.50%,稻麦免耕更有利于提升土壤大团聚体有机碳含量,稻麦旋耕更有利于提高中间团聚体有机碳占比;水溶性有机碳含量与大、中粒级团聚体间呈显著负相关,说明水溶性有机碳的溶出并不利于土壤大于0.25 mm团聚体的形成。相对而言,稻麦免耕更有利于土壤大团聚体的形成和有机碳稳定性的提升,是提升土壤团粒结构和有机碳稳定性的有效耕作方式。
The cultivation method is an important agricultural measure that affects the composition of soil aggregates and has significant implications for soil structure and organic carbon(SOC)stability.In this study,two modes of rotary tillage(RT)and no-tillage(NT)for rice and wheat were set,by comparing the differences in soil aggregate organic carbon composition and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)content between different tillage methods after 2 years to reveal the changes in soil water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)and aggregate organic carbon under tillage methods.The results showed that the soil organic carbon of NT was 3.36%higher than that of RT.The content and proportion of WSOC in NT were lower than those in RT by 16.91%and 19.52%,respectively.Under the NT treatment,the proportion of large aggregates(>2 mm)was the highest,accounting for 54.48%,while under the RT treatment,the proportion of intermediate aggregates(0.25~2 mm)was the highest,accounting for 49.13%.The mean weight diameter of aggregates under the RT and NT treatments was 1.07 mm and 1.49 mm,respectively.The mean weight diameter of aggregates under the NT treatment was significantly higher than that under the RT treatment.Under the NT treatment,the proportion of organic carbon in>2 mm large aggregate was the highest,accounting for 57.84%.While,under the RT treatment,the proportion of organic carbon in 0.25~2 mm aggregate was the highest,accounting for 48.50%.No tillage for rice and wheat was more conducive to increasing the content of organic carbon in soil large aggregates,while rotary tillage for rice and wheat was more conducive to increasing the proportion of organic carbon in middle aggregates.The significant negative correlation between WSOC and large and medium sized aggregates indicated that the dissolution of WSOC was not conducive to the formation of soil aggregates larger than 0.25 mm.Relatively,NT was more conducive to the formation of soil large aggregates and the improvement of organic carbon stability,and was an recommended effective tillage method to enhance soil aggregate structure and SOC stability.
作者
董林林
盛雪雯
严凯
陆长婴
施林林
王海候
吴正贵
DONG Linlin;SHENG Xuewen;YAN Kai;LU Changying;SHI Linlin;WANG Haihou;WU Zhenggui(National Experimental Station for Soil Quality in Xiangcheng,Suzhou 215155,China;Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suzhou 215105,China;Suzhou Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Suzhou 215008,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2025年第4期56-63,共8页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
苏州市农业科技创新项目(SNG2022071)
苏州市碳达峰碳中和科技重点专项(ST202228)
江苏省碳达峰碳中和专项(BE2022308)。
关键词
旋耕
免耕
水溶性有机碳
土壤团聚体
rotary tillage
no-tillage
water-soluble organic carbon
soil aggregate
