摘要
超大规模三维多输入多输出(three dimensional multiple-input multiple-output,3D MIMO)由于提供了巨大的空间自由度将成为未来6G移动网络的潜在关键支持技术,然而超大规模3D MIMO也带来了新的电磁效应-近场效应.近场效应为通信与感知系统提供了深度感知与高精度目标检测,能够有效提升通信与感知系统的整体性能.本文从经典电磁信息论入手,分析了超大规模3D MIMO技术带来的新的电磁效应,并刻画了基于近场球面波前的信道模型与信道容量,然后介绍了近场通信与感知的典型应用,包括波束训练、混合预编码和联合目标检测与信道估计,最后介绍了近场通信与感知的未来研究方向,并进行了总结.
The massive 3D MIMO is expected to be a key supporting technology for future 6G mobile networks due to its enormous spatial degrees of freedom.However,massive 3D MIMO also introduces new electromagnetic effects,i.e.,near-field effects.These near-field effects provide deep sensing and high-precision target detection for sensing and communication systems,effectively enhancing the overall performance of sensing and communication systems.This paper starts with classical electromagnetic information theory to analyze the new electromagnetic effects brought by massive 3D MIMO and characterize the channel model based on near-field spherical wavefronts.Then,we analyze typical applications for near-field sensing and communication,including beam training,hybrid precoding,and joint target sensing and channel estimation.Finally,we present the future research directions for near-field communication and sensing and summarize the paper.
作者
王得志
胡钰琪
季然
徐媛
魏丽
宫铁瑞
杨照辉
陈晓明
黄崇文
Merouane DEBBAH
Dezhi WANG;Yuqi HU;Ran JI;Yuan XU;Li WEI;Tierui GONG;Zhaohui YANG;Xiaoming CHEN;Chongwen HUANG;Merouane DEBBAH(QianYuan National Laboratory,Hangzhou 310024,China;College of Information Science,Electronic and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;School of Electrical&Electronic Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore 639798,Singapore;Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Khalifa University,Abu Dhabi 127788,UAE)
出处
《中国科学:信息科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期1257-1280,共24页
Scientia Sinica(Informationis)
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:62331023,62394292)
国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFA1000500,2023YFB2904804)
浙江省科技计划(批准号:2024C01033)
浙江大学全球合作伙伴基金以及中央高校基本科研业务费(批准号:226-2024-00069)资助项目。
关键词
近场通信
电磁信息论
信道建模
通信与感知
near-field communication
electromagnetic information theory
channel modeling
sensing and communication
