摘要
目的分析2019—2023年元谋县水痘流行病学特征,为科学、有效开展水痘预防控制工作提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统、云南省免疫规划信息管理系统收集2019—2023年元谋县水痘病例信息、水痘疫苗接种、突发公共卫生事件等资料。运用Excel 2020软件建立数据库,采用SPSS 22.0软件对水痘监测数据进行统计分析。组间差异比较采用卡方检验及卡方趋势性检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2019—2023年元谋县共报告水痘病例1139例,年均报告发病率109.53/10万。报告水痘突发公共卫生事件4起、病例180例。发病以冬春季为主,男女发病无差异,集中在19岁及以下人群(955例,83.85%),以5~9岁儿童为主(373例,32.75%);发病人群以学生居多(530例,46.53%),其次为幼托(227例,19.93%)、散居儿童(183例,16.07%);物茂乡发病率最高(155.13/10万),凉山乡最低(24.97/10万)。2剂次水痘疫苗接种率逐年提高。结论2019—2023年元谋县水痘报告发病率总体呈上升趋势,发病有明显季节性,发病重点人群为学生、幼托和散居儿童。在水痘高发季节,应加强学校、幼托机构水痘防控工作,有效控制水痘疫情。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Yuanmou County from 2019 to 2023,and provide a basis for scientific and effective chickenpox prevention and control.Methods The chickenpox case information,chickenpox vaccination,public health emergencies and other information in Yuanmou County from 2019 to 2023 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the Yunnan Provincial Immunization Planning Information Management System.Excel 2020 software was used to establish a database,and SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of chickenpox monitoring data.Chi-square test and Chi-square trend test were used to compare the differences between groups,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 1139 cases of chickenpox were reported in Yuanmou County,with an average annual reported incidence of 109.53/105.4 cases of chickenpox public health emergencies and 180 cases were reported.The incidence was mainly in winter and spring.There was no difference in the incidence of the disease between men and women.The incidence was concentrated in people aged 19 and below(955,83.85%),mainly children aged 5 to 9(373,32.75%).Most of the patients are students(530,46.53%),followed by children in kindergartens(227,19.93%)and scattered children(183,16.07%).The incidence rate was the highest in Wumao Township(155.13/105),and the lowest was in Liangshan Township(24.97/105).The two-doses of chickenpox vaccination rate had increased year by year.Conclusions From 2019 to 2023,the reported incidence of chickenpox in Yuanmou County showed an overall upward trend.The incidence of the disease was obviously seasonal.The key population of the disease was students,children in kindergartens and scattered children.In the high incidence season of chickenpox,the prevention and control of chickenpox in schools and childcare institutions should be strengthened,to effectively control the chickenpox epidemic.
作者
朱艳
周其开
ZHU Yan;ZHOU Qikai(Yuanmou County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yuanmou 651300,Yunnan Province,China)
出处
《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》
2025年第2期75-78,102,共5页
Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases
关键词
水痘
流行特征
分析
chickenpox
epidemiological characteristics
analysis
