摘要
生计资本作为易地搬迁农户后续稳定发展的基础,不仅直接关系到搬迁农户能否在新的居住环境中稳定生活,而且还是农户实现长期可持续发展的重要保障。构建了生计资本变动理论框架及其评价指标体系,基于西南山区易地搬迁脱贫农户1 012份调研数据,测算农户搬迁前后的生计资本变动情况,并通过多元线性回归模型,探究脱贫农户生计资本变动的影响因素。结果发现:西南山区易地搬迁脱贫农户生计资本变动整体上有明显改善,整体变动值提高了25.24%;由于耕种半径扩大,农户选择土地流转、弃耕或集体回收,导致自然资本指标值有所下降,降幅为8.30%;由于政府提供的就业培训、就业机会增加以及教育和医疗条件的改善,物质资本和人力资本指标值明显提高,分别提高了40.31%和16.89%;虽然搬迁后农户人际交往存在一定障碍,但亲友关系和邻里关系得到明显改善,社会资本指标值整体提高,增幅为20.63%,而金融资本指标值则提高了30.85%,主要得益于家庭收入的增加和信贷渠道的拓宽,但家庭消费支出的增加也带来了潜在的财务压力;政策帮扶、家庭能力、社区环境等因素都对农户生计资本变动产生不同程度的影响。
Livelihood capital,as the basis for the subsequent stable development of relocated farmers,is not only directly related to whether relocated farmers can live stably in the new living environment,but also an important guarantee for long-term sustainable development of farmers.This paper constructs the theoretical framework of livelihood capital changes and its evaluation index system.Based on the survey data of 1012 rural households relocated out of poverty in southwest mountainous areas,the changes of livelihood capital of rural households before and after relocation are estimated,and the factors affecting the changes of livelihood capital of poverty alleviated rural households are explored through multiple linear regression models.The results show that:The livelihood capital change of relocated rural households in the mountainous areas of southwest China has improved significantly on the whole,increased by 25.24%.Due to the expansion of farming radius and convenience of transportation,farmers chose land transfer,abandonment or collective reclaim,resulting in a decrease in natural capital,which decreased by 8.30%.Due to the employment training provided by the government,the increase of employment opportunities,and the improvement of education and medical conditions,the physical capital and human capital increased significantly by 40.31%and 16.89%,respectively.Although,there were some obstacles in interpersonal communication after relocation,the relationship between relatives and neighbors has been still significantly improved,and the overall social capital has been enhanced by 20.63%,while financial capital increased by 30.85%,mainly due to the increase in household income and the widening of credit channels,but the increase in household consumption expenditure also brought potential financial pressure.Policy assistance,family ability,community environment and other factors had different degrees of impact on the change of farmers'livelihood capital.
作者
李斌
钱焱杰
潘捷
陈伽倻
田竣宇
LI Bin;QIAN Yanjie;PAN Jie;CHEN Jiaye;TIAN Junyu(School of Public Administration,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)
出处
《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第8期151-164,共14页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(20BMZ148)
重庆市教委人文社科重点研究基地资助项目(23SKJD097)。
关键词
易地搬迁
生计资本变动
影响因素
西南山区
relocation
livelihood capital changes
influencing factors
southwest mountainous area
