摘要
“公”与“私”这一组对举概念,是先秦儒家道德政治哲学的核心范畴。先秦儒家以“三无私”与“天下为公”作为“公私之辨”的立论内容,具有明显的“重公轻私”的价值导向。而在公德与私德的领域中,“亲亲互隐”的伦理悖论给公私关系造成了价值准则的内在冲突。因而,如何调和公私之间的张力,成为先秦儒家的首要任务。重新审视“亲亲互隐”的伦理困境,应跳出情与法、孝与忠、自然亲情与社会公正等二元对立的框架,以公私统一的方式来调节冲突,即在大是大非、国家利益面前,“公”的价值更具优先性;而在不违背法律的情况下,应该对私德给予更多的关注,毕竟“亲亲互隐”隐含着自然之性、天理至情。
Public and private are a set of opposing concepts,which are the core categories of moral and political philosophy in pre Qin Confucianism.By analyzing the origin of the words"public"and"private",we can clarify the original meaning and extended meaning of"public"and"private"to reveal the relationship between the two.The pre Qin Confucianism's discourse on the"distinction between public and private"based on the concepts of"three selflessness"and"the world is for the public"has a clear value orientation of"valuing the public over the private".In the field of public morality and private morality,the ethical paradox of"mutual concealment of kinship"has caused a conflict of value norms in public-private relationships.Therefore,how to reconcile the tension between public and private became the primary task of pre Qin Confucianism.Re examining the ethical dilemma of"mutual concealment of relatives",we should break free from the binary opposition between emotions and laws,flial piety and loyalty,natural family ties and social justice,and use a unified approach of public and private to regulate conflicts.That is,in the face of right and wrong and national interests,the value of"public"should be given priority,and more attention should be paid to private morality without violating the law.After all,"mutual concealment of relatives"implies the nature of nature and the ultimate love of heaven.
出处
《孔子研究》
北大核心
2025年第3期129-137,160,共10页
Confucius Studies
基金
贵州大学人文社科思政专项“‘两个结合’的契合性问题研究”(项目编号:GDZX2024024)、贵州大学人文社会科学重点课题“阳明文化涵养中国式现代化研究”(项目编号:GDZX2024006)
贵州省高校人文社会科学研究项目“中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化与创新性发展研究”(项目编号:2024RW151)的阶段性成果。
关键词
公私之辨
亲亲互隐
公德
私德
distinction between public and private
mutual concealment between family menbers
public morality
private morality
