摘要
为解决传统超临界二氧化碳气体炮采用膜片控压方式时的缺点,如体积较庞大、安装控压膜片较繁琐和调节释放压力困难等,提出了一种可在达到相变峰值压力后,50 ms内自主完成释放动作的超临界二氧化碳压差控制阀式气体炮总体结构方案。本方案核心在于:结合超临界二氧化碳相变特性,采用大、小气腔嵌套布置的超临界二氧化碳控制阀,该气阀通过压差控制原理与强制排气技术相结合的方式实现对超临界二氧化碳相变释放压力在30~150 MPa范围内精准调控。通过数值计算的方法对开阀和排气过程进行理论分析,确定该控制阀基本结构参数。通过建立超临界二氧化碳气体炮内弹道数值计算模型,分析3种不同开阀压力工况下弹丸初速和大、小气腔的变化过程。开展了超临界二氧化碳压差控制阀式气体炮弹道实验,验证方案可行性,实验结果表明:超临界二氧化碳压差控制阀式气体炮开阀压力与弹丸初速与理论计算基本一致,在释放压力调控、响应速度和装填速度具备明显优势,可为超临界二氧化碳在发射领域的应用与研究提供一定参考。
In order to address the limitations of the traditional supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun utilising diaphragm pressure control,including the large volume,bulky installation of the diaphragm pressure control and the challenging adjustment of release pressure,a supercritical carbon dioxide pressure differential control valve gas gun is proposed.This new design can complete the release action within 50 ms after reaching the peak pressure of phase transformation.The central concept of this design is the integration of the phase transition characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide,which is achieved through the utilisation of a supercritical carbon dioxide control valve with a nested arrangement of both large and small cavities.The valve is capable of regulating the release pressure of the supercri-tical carbon dioxide phase transition with precision,within the range of 30 to 150 MPa.This is achieved through the integration of the pressure difference control principle and forced exhaust technology.The process of valve opening and exhaust is theoretically analysed by numerical calculation,and the basic structural parameters of the control valve are determined.A numerical calculation model of the interior trajectory of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun was constructed,and the effects of three different valve opening pressure conditions on the muzzle velocity and the large and small cavity of the projectile were analysed.The experiment was conducted to verify the feasibility of the supercritical carbon dioxide pressure differential control valve type gas cannonball scheme.The results demonstrate that the opening pressure and initial velocity of the projectile are in accordance with the theoretical calculation,exhibiting notable advantages in the control of release pressure,response speed and loading speed.These findings provide valuable insights for the application and research of supercritical carbon dioxide in the launching field.
作者
李强
张盛森
陈延伟
李奇
孙志群
LI Qiang;ZHANG Shengsen;CHEN Yanwei;LI Qi;SUN Zhiqun(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;The 713th Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation,Zhengzhou 450052,Henan,China)
出处
《火炮发射与控制学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期1-9,共9页
Journal of Gun Launch & Control
关键词
超临界二氧化碳气体炮
压差式控制阀
密闭相变实验
强制排气技术
supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon
pressure differential control valve
closed phase change experiment
forced exhaust technology
