摘要
帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的“明知”认定在理论与实务中存在分歧。本罪应当作为量刑规则的独立化,在因果共犯论的意义上依附于上游犯罪的法益侵害性,“明知”要素的认定也受到正犯的限制。对“明知”的解释应当遵循核心语义并适度扩散,以明确知道为中心,在特殊情形下通过推定知道认定为明知。实务中推定是认定“明知”的主要手段,应当严格限定推定的依据,将推定的基础事实类型化为被帮助者网络犯罪行为的征表事实、帮助者与被帮助者之间的关系事实与帮助行为事实。对“明知”认定的限缩分为事实与规范两个层面,在规范层面应当引入帮助者规范认识的考虑。
There are differences in the determination of“knowing”in the crime of assisting criminal activities on information network in both theory and practice.This crime should be independent as a sentencing rule and be attached to the infringement of legal interests of the upstream crime in the sense of the causal theory of complicity,and the determination of the“knowing”element is also restricted by the principal offender.The interpretation of“knowing”should follow the core semantic meaning and spread moderately,with clear knowing as the center,and can be determined through presumption in special circumstances.In practice,presumption is the main means of determining“knowing”,so the basis for presumption should be strictly limited,and the basic facts of presumption should be typed as the manifestation facts of the cyber criminal acts of the assisted person,the relationship facts between the assistant and the assisted person,and the facts of the assisting act.The narrowing of the determination of“knowing”is divided into two levels:fact and norm,and the consideration of the normative understanding of the assistant should be introduced at the normative level.
作者
章林
Zhang Lin(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100080,China)
出处
《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》
2025年第3期32-42,共11页
Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice
基金
2024年度最高人民法院司法研究重大课题“‘网络水军’违法犯罪类型及法律适用问题研究”(项目编号:GFZDKT2024C01-1)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
明知
帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪
应当知道
推定
knowing
crime of assisting criminal activities on information network
ought to know
presumption
