摘要
纳米颗粒因其独特的物理化学特性在工业、农业和医疗等领域得到了广泛应用,然而其环境暴露及对生物体的毒性效应也引起了广泛的忧虑。纳米颗粒可通过多种途径进入生物体并可能导致健康风险,因此准确预测其生物分布和毒代动力学过程至关重要。生理毒代动力学(physiologically based toxicokinetic,PBTK)模型为评估纳米颗粒在生物体内的吸收(absorption)、分布(distribution)、代谢(metabolism)和排泄(excretion)(统称ADME)以及毒性效应等过程提供了系统性的描述。本文综述了纳米颗粒PBTK模型的最新研究进展,探讨了模型构建中ADME特性的定量描述、模型框架、参数确定及验证方法,分析了当前面临的重要挑战:研究对象的局限性、纳米颗粒的理化特性纳入有限、缺乏环境因子相关参数、通用性模型处于起步阶段。最后,对纳米颗粒PBTK模型的发展提出展望。
Nanoparticles have been widely used in industry,agriculture,and medicine due to their unique physicochemical properties.However,their environmental exposure and toxic effects on organisms have also caused widespread concern.Nanoparticles can enter organisms through a variety of ways,which may pose health risks.Therefore,it is crucial to accurately predict their biodistribution and toxicokinetics.Physiologically based toxicokinetic(PBTK)models provide a systematic description of the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion(ADME)and the toxic effects of nanoparticles in organisms.This review summarizes the latest research progress in nanoparticle PBTK models,and discusses the quantitative description of ADME characteristics in model construction,m odel frameworks,parameter determination,and validation methods.It also analyzes the current key challenges,i ncluding the limitations of research subjects,limited the inclusion of the physicochemical characteristics of n anoparticles,the lack of environmental factor-related parameters,and the fact that generalized models are still in the early stages.Finally,the article presents prospects for the development of nanoparticle PBTK models.
作者
张皓真
于棋
韩东晖
吴烨
齐耀辉
林诗颖
黄河
汪光
ZHANG Haozhen;YU Qi;HAN Donghui;WU Ye;QI Yaohui;LIN Shiying;HUANG He;WANG Guang(College of Chemistry&Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510535,China)
出处
《生态毒理学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期107-121,共15页
Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22306129)
国家重点研发计划(2024YFF1306803)
广州市科技计划项目(2024A04J4991)。
关键词
纳米颗粒
生理学的毒代动力学模型
ADME特性
毒性评估
nanoparticles
physiologically based toxicokinetic modeling
ADME characteristics
toxicity assessment
