摘要
随着我国空间利益拓展与在轨资产规模增长,非合作空间暗弱目标的高精度探测已成为空间安全防御与碎片清除的核心瓶颈。传统光学或雷达探测手段受限于衍射极限与信噪比约束,对“快、远、小、暗”目标的探测与识别精度不足,激光雷达凭借其高精度、抗干扰等优势,逐渐成为空间目标高精度探测的核心技术手段。通过突破传统激光雷达系统的物理限制,亚像素扫描、合成孔径和反射层析等技术能够实现远距离超分辨成像。该文从总结梳理关键问题和关键技术出发,追踪了3种激光雷达超分辨成像技术的关键技术研究进展,分析了典型实验系统和实验结果,并结合空间探测、遥感测绘等任务需求,阐述了各体制的特点、优势和不足,展望了其应用前景和发展趋势。
With the expansion of China’s space interests and the growth in the scale of on-orbit assets,highprecision detection of dark and weak targets in noncooperative space has become the core bottleneck in space security defense and debris removal.Traditional optical or radar detection technologies are limited by diffraction limit and signal-to-noise ratio constraints,and the detection and identification accuracy of“fast,far,small,and dark”targets is insufficient.Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR),with its high precision and antijamming advantages,has gradually become the core technical means of accurately detecting space targets.Technologies such as sub-pixel scanning,synthetic aperture,and reflective tomography enable long-range superresolution imaging by breaking through the physical limitations of conventional LiDAR systems.This paper begins by summarizing and sorting the critical problems associated with LiDAR super-resolution technology.The key technological research progress is then reported,typical experimental systems and experimental results are analyzed,and the characteristics,advantages,and shortcomings of each system are described with respect to requirements of space exploration,remote sensing,and mapping missions.Finally,the application prospects and development trends are presented.
作者
郭玉麟
胡以华
方佳节
徐世龙
张鑫源
GUO Yulin;HU Yihua;FANG Jiajie;XU Shilong;ZHANG Xinyuan(Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province,National University of Defense Technology,Hefei 230037,China;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electronic Restriction,National University of Defense Technology,Hefei 230037,China;Information Security Research Center,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei 230037,China;Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,School of Physics and Optoclectronic Engincering,Hangzhou 310024,China)
出处
《雷达学报(中英文)》
北大核心
2025年第3期501-527,共27页
Journal of Radars
基金
国家自然科学基金(61871389)
国防科技大学自主创新科学基金(24-ZZCX-JDZ-43,22-ZZCX-07)
国防科技大学青年自主创新科学基金(ZK23-45)。
关键词
激光雷达
超分辨成像
亚像素扫描
合成孔径
反射层析
Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)
Super-resolution imaging
Sub-pixel scanning
Synthetic aperture
Reflective tomography
