摘要
北京丰台站是国内首个普速与高速列车双层立体布局的综合枢纽,其垂直分层设计虽实现进出站流线分离,但换乘体系仍面临地铁换乘厅人流交叉、高峰拥堵及跨层流线低效等问题。聚焦叠层式双轨枢纽换乘效率优化,通过对比单一制式与平铺式双轨枢纽,结合Anylogic仿真构建动态客流模型,以区域密度、瓶颈通行效率及换乘时间为指标,量化评估流线重构与设施扩容的优化效果。结果表明:现状布局因垂直交通依赖性强、跨层步行距离长及流线交叉冲突,换乘时间较对比模式增加1~1.6倍;在优化模拟中,设施服务优化可减少25%~30%的拥堵强度,换乘时间效率提升20%~22%;流线优化可减少60~70%的拥堵强度,换乘时间效率提升42%~48%,流线重构边际效益更高。证实立体枢纽中流线优化是提升换乘效率的最优策略,局限性在于仿真未完全覆盖极端客流波动场景,需结合实时调度深化验证。
Beijing Fengtai Station is the first modern hub in China that adopts a three-dimensional flow system with"upward entry/downward exit for conventional rail"and"lower-level entry/exit at 23 m elevation for high-speed rail".It achieves physical segregation between train flows through vertical stratification.Although its innovative configuration theoretically reduces interference of passenger flows,there are still some operational challenges,including redundant subway transfer pathways and peak-hour node congestion.Based on empirical operational data from Fengtai Station,this study systematically analyzed transfer characteristics in dual-track tandem hubs for the first time.The multimodal transfer scenarios of"conventional rail/high-speed rail/subway"were reconstructed using the AnyLogic simulation modeling to quantitatively evaluate the impact of three-dimensional flow systems on pedestrian efficiency.Moreover,the applicability of different improvement schemes was verified by introducing the widely accepted optimization strategies(e.g.,hierarchical path design and facility capacity adaptation)in the industry.A comparative analysis of Zhengzhou East Station(single-mode)and Beijing West Station(flat dual-track),which have similar passenger volumes and spatial scales,was carried out.A dynamic passenger flow model was built by combining AnyLogic simulation to quantitatively evaluate transfer efficiency across three hub topologies by using regional density,bottleneck throughput and transfer time as indicators.Results indicated that the stacked dual-track configuration increases transfer time by 1-1.6 times,which is attributed to high reliance on vertical transportation,long interlayer walking distance,and flow conflicts.Optimization strategies for dual-track tandem railway passenger stations on the transfer plane were investigated.A comparative analysis of four specific strategies for the optimization of facility service capability and optimization of line layout was carried out.Results show that improving facility service capability can relieve congestion at nodes significantly,but it influences the overall pedestrian density of spaces slightly.On the contrary,optimizing line layout can greatly affect the overall transfer efficiency and pedestrian density of spaces more significantly.According to further observations,optimizing line layout is superior to optimizing facility service capacity in terms of improving transfer time,overall pedestrian density in spaces,and pedestrian flows at nodes.It concludes that there is a significant difference in improvement efficiency between line and service facility optimization.In the transfer spaces of built stations,optimizing line layout is the best solution to relieve the pressure of passenger transfer.Optimization of line layout can reasonably reduce the cross-flow of passengers by optimizing line layout,thus improving the passenger flow rate in the whole space.This study is innovative because it breaks the limitations of existing studies on transfer efficiency optimization of railway hubs and proposes the optimal strategy to optimize the line layout.Research results provide theoretical references and practice paradigms for planning,design,and operation management of the same type of complex hubs.It fills in the blank of empirical studies on dual-track tandem hubs in China.
作者
曾忠忠
张薇
ZENG Zhongzhong;ZHANG Wei
出处
《南方建筑》
北大核心
2025年第6期60-67,共8页
South Architecture
基金
国家重点研发基金项目资助项目(2020YFF0304106):京张高铁智能化服务关键技术与示范。
关键词
Anylogic仿真模拟
优化策略对比
换乘效率
空间优化
叠层式双轨制
anyLogic simulation
comparison of optimization strategies
transfer efficiency
space optimization
dual-track tandem system
