摘要
[目的/意义]实体管制清单是发达国家实现经济目标与应对科技竞争的重要工具。本文通过研究发达国家实体管制清单体系与运行机制,为我国系统认识实体管制清单提供情报支持。[方法/过程]本文采用文本分析法与案例研究法,收集相关的政策文件、会议记录、智库报告以及情报机构的公开资料,全面回顾发达国家实体管制清单的概况,持续跟踪特定案例,并总结归纳。[结果/结论]根据实体管制清单的功能,将清单分为警告警示类清单、管制原产物项获取类清单、金融管制与制裁类清单、对应特定项目类清单、直接禁止类清单和禁入市场类清单等6类,并分析各清单的侧重与关联。实体管制清单的管理是一个复杂且动态的过程,主要包括以公众参与为主的信息征询、汇集专家意见的咨询委员会提议、立法机构发挥监督作用的国会提案以及提供决策参谋的智库建议。
[Purpose/Significance]Entity control lists serve as important instruments for developed countries to achieve economic objectives and respond to technological competition.By studying the system and operational mechanisms of entity control lists in developed countries,this research provides intelligence support for China to systematically understand entity control lists.[Method/Process]Using textual analysis and case study methods,we collect relevant policy documents,meeting records,think-tank reports,and publicly available materials from intelligence agencies,comprehensively review the general situation of entity control lists in developed countries,continuously track specific cases,and summarize the findings.[Result/Conclusion]According to the functions of entity control list,this research summarizes the lists into six types:warning list,controlled original item acqui-sition list,financial control and sanctions list,corresponding specific strategy list,direct prohibition list,and no market-admission list.The management of entity control lists is a complex and dynamic process,which mainly includes information consultation with public participation,proposals from advisory committees that gather expert opinions,congressional proposals for legislative oversight,and policy recommendations from think-tanks.
作者
李广建
王楚涵
Li Guangjian;Wang Chuhan(Department of Information Management,Peking University,Beijing 100871)
出处
《智库理论与实践》
北大核心
2025年第3期72-83,共12页
Think Tank:Theory & Practice
关键词
实体管制清单
出口管制
进口管制
科技竞争
经济制裁
entity control list
export control
technological competition
economic sanctions
